java set collection_Java的Collection接口和Set接口？

它们外部行为一样，但潜在行为不一样。

Collection 的说明中明确说明了 Collection 是集合类似的根接口，包含一组对象，他们可能是可以重复的，也有可能不是。有些可能是排序的，有些可能不是……也就是说，它表示集合，但潜在行为并不确定。The root interface in the collection hierarchy. A collection represents a group of objects, known as its elements. Some collections allow duplicate elements and others do not. Some are ordered and others unordered. The JDK does not provide any direct implementations of this interface: it provides implementations of more specific subinterfaces like Set and List. This interface is typically used to pass collections around and manipulate them where maximum generality is desired.

而 Set 的潜在行为就确定得多，它明确了所包含的内容是不可重复的。但并没有说明排序的问题。不过它有一个SortedSet 子接口申明了内容有序。A collection that contains no duplicate elements. More formally, sets contain no pair of elements e1 and e2 such that e1.equals(e2), and at most one null element. As implied by its name, this interface models the mathematical set abstraction.

所以虽然接口成员一样，但是潜在行为并不一样。当你只需要一组数据而不关系它是否重复，是否有序的时候，可以直接用 Collection 接口，但是如果你需要的是一组不可重复的数据，那显然应该用 Set 接口。