linux c mysql 编程_[linux c]mysql 编程笔记

要进行linux下的mysql的C编程，需要安装mysql及mysql的开发包，ubuntu下直接apt-get install libmysql++安装开发包。

#include

相关函数:

MYSQL *mysql_init(MYSQL *);//这里称之为载入函数吧，返回的MYSQL指针要用到后续的函数中

int mysql_options(MYSQL *connection, enum option_to_set,const char *argument);//设置MYSQL*的一些属性，比如超时时间等

MYSQL*mysql_real_connect(MYSQL *connection,const char *server_host,const char *sql_user_name,const char *sql_password,const char *db_name,

unsignedint port_number,//置0连接默认端口，一般为3306

const char *unix_socket_name,//NULL

unsigned int flags);//无另外属性时置0//连接函数

void mysql_close(MYSQL *connection);//关闭连接

unsignedint mysql_errno(MYSQL *connection);//返回错误代码

char *mysql_error(MYSQL *connection);//返回错误信息

int mysql_query(MYSQL *connection, const char *query);//执行sql语句

my_ulonglong mysql_affected_rows(MYSQL*connection);//返回执行语句过后受影响的行数

MYSQL_RES*mysql_store_result(MYSQL *connection);//返回执行结果，适用于数据量较小时

my_ulonglong mysql_num_rows(MYSQL_RES*result);//返回上面函数返回结果的行数

MYSQL_ROW mysql_fetch_row(MYSQL_RES*result);//抽取一条记录，返回NULL时表示抽取完记录或者错误

void mysql_data_seek(MYSQL_RES *result, my_ulonglong offset);//调整数据位置，offset为0时，下次调用mysql_fetch_row将返回result第一条记录

MYSQL_ROW_OFFSET mysql_row_tell(MYSQL_RES*result);//返回当前的位置

MYSQL_ROW_OFFSET mysql_row_seek(MYSQL_RES*result, MYSQL_ROW_OFFSET offset);//移动数据位置，并返回先前的位置，可以和上一个函数结合使用

void mysql_free_result(MYSQL_RES *result);//释放result空间

MYSQL_RES*mysql_use_result(MYSQL *connection);//返回执行结果，适用于数据量较大时

unsignedint mysql_field_count(MYSQL *connection);//返回查询结果中的列数(column数)

MYSQL_FIELD*mysql_fetch_field(MYSQL_RES *result);//获得查询结果中的列名等信息(表头信息)

例子：

创建测试数据库

mysql> create database test;

创建用户

mysql> grant all on test.* to test@'localhost' identified by 'test';

sql文件：

--

--Create the table children--CREATE TABLEchildren (

childnoint(11) NOT NULLauto_increment,

fnamevarchar(30),

ageint(11),PRIMARY KEY(childno)

);--

--Populate the table ‘children’--

INSERT INTO children(childno,fname,age) VALUES(1,'Jenny',21);INSERT INTO children(childno,fname,age) VALUES(2,'Andrew',17);INSERT INTO children(childno,fname,age) VALUES(3,'Gavin',8);INSERT INTO children(childno,fname,age) VALUES(4,'Duncan',6);INSERT INTO children(childno,fname,age) VALUES(5,'Emma',4);INSERT INTO children(childno,fname,age) VALUES(6,'Alex',15);INSERT INTO children(childno,fname,age) VALUES(7,'Adrian',9);

导入sql文件：

mysql -u test --password=test test

导入后的情况：

mysql> show tables;

+----------------+

| Tables_in_test |

+----------------+

| children |

+----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from children;

+---------+--------+------+

| childno | fname | age |

+---------+--------+------+

| 1 | Jenny | 21 |

| 2 | Andrew | 17 |

| 3 | Gavin | 8 |

| 4 | Duncan | 6 |

| 5 | Emma | 4 |

| 6 | Alex | 15 |

| 7 | Adrian | 9 |

+---------+--------+------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

C代码:

#include #include#includeMYSQL*mysql_main;

MYSQL_RES*res_ptr;

MYSQL_ROW sqlrow;voiddisplay_header();voiddisplay_row();int main(int argc,char *argv[])

{intres;int first_row = 1;

mysql_main=mysql_init(NULL);if(!mysql_main)

{

fprintf(stderr,"mysql_init failed\n");returnEXIT_FAILURE;

}

mysql_main= mysql_real_connect(mysql_main,"localhost","test","test","test",0,NULL,0);if(mysql_main)

{

printf("Connection success:\n");

res= mysql_query(mysql_main,"SELECT childno,fname,age FROM children WHERE age>5");if(res)

{

fprintf(stderr,"SELECT error: %s\n",mysql_error(mysql_main));

}else{

res_ptr=mysql_use_result(mysql_main);if(res_ptr)

{while((sqlrow =mysql_fetch_row(res_ptr)))

{if(first_row)

{

display_header();

first_row= 0;

}

display_row();

}

}

}

}else{

printf("Connection failed\n");

}

mysql_close(mysql_main);returnEXIT_SUCCESS;

}voiddisplay_header()

{

MYSQL_FIELD*field_ptr;

printf("Column details:\n");while((field_ptr = mysql_fetch_field(res_ptr))!=NULL)

{

printf("\t Name: %s\n",field_ptr->name);

printf("\t Type:");if(IS_NUM(field_ptr->type))

{

printf("Numeric filed\n");

}else{switch(field_ptr->type)

{caseFIELD_TYPE_VAR_STRING:

printf("VARCHAR\n");break;caseFIELD_TYPE_LONG:

printf("LONG\n");break;default:

printf("Type is %d,check in mysql_com.h\n",field_ptr->type);

}

}

printf("\t MAX width %ld\n",field_ptr->length);if(field_ptr->flags&AUTO_INCREMENT_FLAG)

printf("\t Auto increments\n");

printf("\n");

}

}voiddisplay_row()

{

unsignedintfield_count;

field_count= 0;while(field_count

{if(sqlrow[field_count]) printf("%s",sqlrow[field_count]);else printf("NULL");

field_count++;

}

printf("\n");

}

gcc -I/usr/include/mysql -L/usr/lib/mysql -lmysqlclient -o mysqltest mysqltest.c

./test

结果如下：

Connection success:

Column details:

Name: childno

Type: Numeric filed

MAX width 11

Auto increments

Name: fname

Type: VARCHAR

MAX width 30

Name: age

Type: Numeric filed

MAX width 11

1 Jenny 21

2 Andrew 17

3 Gavin 8

4 Duncan 6

6 Alex 15

7 Adrian 9