创建数据库:
CREATE DATABASE `sql_learn_db`;
创建一个表:
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `persons` (
`Id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`LastName` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`FirstName` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`Address` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`City` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
表的结构:
+-----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| LastName | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| FirstName | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| Address | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| City | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+-----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
利用JDBC插入
1000000条数据。
DBIndexTest.java:
(请手动修改用户名和密码,并导入驱动包)
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Random;
public class DBIndexTest {
private static final String MYSQL_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
private static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sql_learn_db";
private static final String USER_NAME = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD = "";
private static final String sql = "insert into persons values (null,?,?,'zjut','hangzhou')";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
private static Random random = new Random();
private DBIndexTest(){};
public static String getRandomName() {
int fornum = 1 + random.nextInt(10); /* 1~10 */
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); /* 97~122 */
for(int i=0; i
sb.append((char)(97 + random.nextInt(26)));
}
return sb.toString();
}
private static void createConnection() {
try {
Class.forName(MYSQL_DRIVER);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL,USER_NAME,PASSWORD);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static Connection getConnection() {
if(conn == null) {
createConnection();
}
return conn;
}
public static void insertRecord() {
conn = getConnection();
try {
if(pstmt == null)
pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1, getRandomName());
pstmt.setString(2, getRandomName());
int affect = pstmt.executeUpdate();
System.out.println(affect == 1 ? "插入成功!" : "插入失败!");
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i=0; i< 1000000; i++) {
insertRecord();
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("一共用时:" + (end-start)/1000.0 + "s");
}
}
运行结果:
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
...
...
...
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
插入成功!
一共用时:2167.19s
表中已插入的记录数:
mysql> select count(*) from persons;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 1000000 |
+----------+
在没有对表的列LastName建立索引时,尝试查询:
mysql> select count(*) from persons where lastname='abc';
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 7 |
+----------+
1 row in set (6.33 sec)
对表列LastName建立索引:
mysql> create index my_index on persons(lastname);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (12.44 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
再次执行相同的查询:
mysql> select count(*) from persons where lastname='abc';
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 7 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
当然,0.00 sec 不等于0,因为速度太快,单位太大(秒),四舍五入后导致该结果(换成毫秒可能就不为0了)。
而且每次执行的结果也不一定相同。但是通过这个小小的实验可以看出,使用索引的表比不使用索引的表要快一点,不过并不是绝对的。要不要使用索引技术要根据具体问题具体分析。如果某个表的查询次数比较多,那么就应该增加索引。但是索引会相应地使表更新速度下降(因为索引也要同时更新)。