【问题说明】
重启vsftpd服务失败:
[root@qin ~]# systemctl restart vsftpd
Job for vsftpd.service failed. See 'systemctl status
vsftpd.service' and 'journalctl -xe' for details.
【查看日志】
首先,根据提示,查看vsftpd的进程状态,提示启动失败,code=exited, status=2:
[root@qin ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.service
vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon
Loaded: loaded
(/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; enabled; vendor preset:
disabled)
Active: failed (Result:
exit-code) since 二 2019-03-12 11:25:39 CST; 1 day 5h ago
Process: 23209 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vsftpd
/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf (code=exited, status=2)
Main PID: 988 (code=killed,
signal=TERM)
3月 12 11:25:39 qin systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp
daemon...
3月 12 11:25:39 qin systemd[1]: vsftpd.service: control process
exited, code=exited status=2
3月 12 11:25:39 qin systemd[1]: Failed to start Vsftpd ftp
daemon.
3月 12 11:25:39 qin systemd[1]: Unit vsftpd.service entered
failed state.
3月 12 11:25:39 qin systemd[1]: vsftpd.service failed.
其次,根据提示,查看journalctl-xe的内核日志和应用日志:
[root@qin ~]# journalctl -xe
--
-- Unit user-0.slice has begun shutting down.
3月 13 16:08:29 qin rhnsd[1016]: /etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid
does not exist or is unreadable
3月 13 16:12:27 qin sshd[25906]: Accepted password for root
from 172.16.*.* port 45676 ssh2
3月 13 16:12:27 qin systemd[1]: Created slice
user-0.slice.
-- Subject: Unit user-0.slice has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit user-0.slice has finished starting up.
--
-- The start-up result is done.
3月 13 16:12:27 qin systemd[1]: Starting user-0.slice.
-- Subject: Unit user-0.slice has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit user-0.slice has begun starting up.
3月 13 16:12:27 qin systemd-logind[700]: New session 136 of
user root.
-- Subject: A new session 136 has been created for user
root
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- Documentation:
http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/multiseat
--
-- A new session with the ID 136 has been created for the user
root.
--
-- The leading process of the session is 25906.
3月 13 16:12:27 qin systemd[1]: Started Session 136 of user
root.
-- Subject: Unit session-136.scope has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit session-136.scope has finished starting up.
--
-- The start-up result is done.
3月 13 16:12:27 qin systemd[1]: Starting Session 136 of user
root.
-- Subject: Unit session-136.scope has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit session-136.scope has begun starting up.
3月 13 16:12:27 qin sshd[25906]: pam_unix(sshd:session):
session opened for user root by (uid=0)
3月 13 16:20:01 qin sz[25937]: [root] vsftpd.conf/ZMODEM: 5075
Bytes, 62389 BPS
3月 13 16:28:40 qin sz[25953]: [root] vsftpd.conf/ZMODEM: 5075
Bytes, 428956 BPS
【解决方法参考】
方法一,vsftpd默认用的21端口被占用,关掉占用进程,以释放21端口:
命令1,查看21端口使用情况:
[root@qin ~]# netstat -anp|grep 21
如果有进程在使用21端口,可以用命令2,关掉该进程:
[root@qin ~]# kill PID(占用21端口的进程PID)
方法二,当前网络环境不支持IPv6,将配置文件/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf中的listen_ipv6=YES配置为listen_ipv6=NO,或者在该行前用#注释掉;
命令1:vi/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
命令2:找到listen_ipv6=YES所在行,点击i(vi编辑器里的insert编辑)编辑,关闭或注释掉;
命令3:点击Esc,:wq保存即可。
方法三,虚拟用户配置文件中,文件名与虚拟用户名不一致导致,修改为一致即可。
如果有其他方法,欢迎互相分享难题,交流进步!
附/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf:
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This
sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more
usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of
vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea
of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you
comment this out).
anonymous_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool
ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write
command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change
this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other
ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload
files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated.
Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP
user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool
allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able
to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users
when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20
(ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to
be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is
not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The
default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd
xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog
in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle
session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data
connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique
user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged
user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR
requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not
enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but
in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server
actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a
denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode.
vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting
the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail
addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot()
to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list
becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot,
make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level
directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is
disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive
I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and
"mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case
for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in
standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in
conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By
default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from
both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both*
IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to
listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two
configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented
!!
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
use_localtime=YES
reverse_lookup_enable=NO
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