centos7.3安装mysql_centos7.3 安装mysql5.7.18的详细教程

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-26 16:35:41 发布
最新推荐文章于 2023-03-26 16:35:41 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_35998791/article/details/113229007
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本文详细介绍了如何在CentOS7.3上通过Yum Repository安装MySQL5.7.18。包括下载Yum Repository，安装MySQL服务器版本，解决依赖问题，启动数据库，修改root用户密码，设置远程访问权限，并开启防火墙3306端口。还提供了查看MySQL配置信息和安装开发版本的指导。
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1查看Linux发行版本

[root@typecodes ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

2 下载MySQL官方的Yum Repository

根据Linux发行版本(CentOS、Fedora都属于红帽系)，从mysql官方(http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/)获取Yum Repository。

[root@typecodes ~]# wget -i http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

--2016-02-03 18:36:02-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11

Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found

Location: http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm [following]

--2016-02-03 18:36:04-- http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 104.102.164.25

Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|104.102.164.25|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 8984 (8.8K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]

Saving to: ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm'

100%[=============================================================================================================================>] 8,984 --.-K/s in 0s

2016-02-03 18:36:07 (68.4 MB/s) - ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm' saved [8984/8984]

3 安装MySQL的Yum Repository

安装完MySQL的Yum Repository，每次执行yum update都会检查MySQL是否更新。

[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

Loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks

Examining mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch

Marking mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm to be installed

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-7 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

=======================================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql57-community-release noarch el7-7 /mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 7.8 k

Transaction Summary

=======================================================================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package

Total size: 7.8 k

Installed size: 7.8 k

Downloading packages:

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Installing : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 1/1

Verifying : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 1/1

Installed:

mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-7

Complete!

3 安装MySQL数据库的服务器版本

[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

Loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks

No metadata available for base

No metadata available for epel

No metadata available for extras

repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00

update mysql-connectors-community metadata successfully

repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00

update mysql-tools-community metadata successfully

repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00

update mysql57-community metadata successfully

No metadata available for updates

mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00

mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00

mysql57-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00

(1/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 24 kB 00:00:01

(2/3): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 28 kB 00:00:01

(3/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 8.6 kB 00:00:02

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: mirrors.aliyun.com

* epel: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn

* extras: mirrors.163.com

* updates: mirrors.163.com

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64

---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos will be obsoleted

--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be obsoleting

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be obsoleting

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

=======================================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.2 M

replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos

mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.0 M

replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos

mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 142 M

Installing for dependencies:

mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 M

mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 269 k

Transaction Summary

=======================================================================================================================================================================

Install 3 Packages (+2 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 171 M

Downloading packages:

mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 142 MB 00:03:42

mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:03

mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:00:05

mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 MB 00:00:41

warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY00 ETA

Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed

mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 269 kB 00:00:01

Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:

Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering "

Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5

Package : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch (@/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch)

From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 1/6

Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 2/6

Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 3/6

Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 4/6

Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 5/6

Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 6/6

Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 1/6

Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 2/6

Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 3/6

Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 4/6

Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 5/6

Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 6/6

Installed:

mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7

Dependency Installed:

mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7

Replaced:

mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos

Complete!

[root@typecodes ~]# clear

最后的截图：

0ce65d2fa7851438dca492f8576bd3fd.png

4 启动数据库：

[root@typecodes ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service

然后使用命令systemctl status mysqld.service查看MySQL数据库启动后的服务状态：

d1e46e90df21e6d38bf2f6fa739164c5.png

5 获取初始密码

使用YUM安装并启动MySQL服务后，MySQL进程会自动在进程日志中打印root用户的初始密码：

#######从mysql进程日志中获取root用户的初始密码：ra%yk7urCBIh

[root@typecodes ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

2016-02-03T10:42:17.272166Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ra%yk7urCBIh

2016-02-03T10:42:36.776875Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

2016-02-03T10:42:52.063138Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

2016-02-03T10:42:57.564373Z 4 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

2016-02-03T10:43:01.477007Z 5 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

2016-02-03T10:46:03.642008Z 6 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

2016-02-03T10:46:11.217889Z 7 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

2016-02-03T10:47:44.755199Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'validate_password'

2016-02-03T10:47:46.505844Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password'

2016-02-03T10:47:46.505851Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'

6 修改root用户密码

使用小节5中获取的root用户的初始密码，然后进行修改：

set global validate_password_policy =0;//默认是1，即MEDIUM，所以刚开始设置的密码必须符合长度，且必须含有数字，小写或大写字母，特殊字符。

set global validate_password_length=4;//指定了密码中数据的长度

alter user root@localhost identified by 'crow';//修改密码

增加远程访问权限

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'crow' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

退出mysql，然后重启服务

systemctl restart mysqld

防火墙打开3306端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

重启防火墙

firewall-cmd --reload

[root@typecodes ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: #######输入默认的root密码后回车

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.7.10

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit

Bye

7 安装完毕

至此，使用在CentOS7中使用YUM方法安装MySQL5.7.10数据库完毕。如下所示，可以使用新的root密码登陆MySQL了。

[root@typecodes ~]# mysql -uroot -ppassword

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.7.10 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| sys |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> clear

mysql> exit

Bye

[root@typecodes ~]# clear

附录1：查看MySQL数据库的配置信息

MySQL的配置文件依然是/etc/my.cnf，其它安装信息可以通过mysql_config命令查看。其中，动态库文件存放在/usr/lib64/mysql目录下。

69d8dd395f033725d7fdc2d7ebc14c4a.png

附录2：对于C/C++等开发者

由于需要用到类似mysql.h等头文件，需要执行下面的命令安装mysql开发版本即可。

[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-devel

附录3：删除MySQL的Repository

因为小节3中安装了MySQL的Yum Repository，所以以后每次执行yum操作时，都会去检查更新。如果想要去掉这种自动检查操作的话，可以使用如下命令卸载MySQL的Repository即可。

[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch

update 2017.04.10 11:10

使用上面的yum方法也可以安装目前mysql官网上最新的版本mysql5.7.18。只要替换小节2中rmp包的版本即可，后续操作步骤不变。

wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的centos7.3 安装mysql5.7.18的详细教程，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对脚本之家网站的支持！

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