Spring Boot读取配置的几种方式

读取 application 文件

在 application.yml 或者 properties 文件中添加：

info.address=USA

info.company=Spring

info.degree=high

@Value 注解读取方式

1.  `import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;`
    
2.  `import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;`
    

4.  `@Component`
    
5.  `publicclassInfoConfig1{`
    

7.   `@Value("${info.address}")`
    
8.   `privateString address;`
    

10.   `@Value("${info.company}")`
    
11.   `privateString company;`
    

13.   `@Value("${info.degree}")`
    
14.   `privateString degree;`
    

16.   `publicString getAddress(){`
    
17.   `return address;`
    
18.   `}`
    

20.   `publicvoid setAddress(String address){`
    
21.   `this.address = address;`
    
22.   `}`
    

24.   `publicString getCompany(){`
    
25.   `return company;`
    
26.   `}`
    

28.   `publicvoid setCompany(String company){`
    
29.   `this.company = company;`
    
30.   `}`
    

32.   `publicString getDegree(){`
    
33.   `return degree;`
    
34.   `}`
    

36.   `publicvoid setDegree(String degree){`
    
37.   `this.degree = degree;`
    
38.   `}`
    

40.  `}`
    

@ConfigurationProperties 注解读取方式

1. @Component

2. @ConfigurationProperties(prefix ="info")

3. publicclassInfoConfig2{

4. privateString address;

5. privateString company;

6. privateString degree;

7. publicString getAddress(){

8. return address;

9. }

10. publicvoid setAddress(String address){

11. this.address = address;

12. }

13. publicString getCompany(){

14. return company;

15. }

16. publicvoid setCompany(String company){

17. this.company = company;

18. }

19. publicString getDegree(){

20. return degree;

21. }

22. publicvoid setDegree(String degree){

23. this.degree = degree;

24. }

25. }

读取指定文件

资源目录下建立 config/db-config.properties:

db.username=root

db.password=123456

@PropertySource+@Value 注解读取方式

1. @Component

2. @PropertySource(value ={"config/db-config.properties"})

3. publicclassDBConfig1{

4. @Value("${db.username}")

5. privateString username;

6. @Value("${db.password}")

7. privateString password;

8. publicString getUsername(){

9. return username;

10. }

11. publicvoid setUsername(String username){

12. this.username = username;

13. }

14. publicString getPassword(){

15. return password;

16. }

17. publicvoid setPassword(String password){

18. this.password = password;

19. }

20. }

注意：@PropertySource 不支持 yml 文件读取。

@PropertySource+@ConfigurationProperties 注解读取方式

1. @Component

2. @ConfigurationProperties(prefix ="db")

3. @PropertySource(value ={"config/db-config.properties"})

4. publicclassDBConfig2{

5. privateString username;

6. privateString password;

7. publicString getUsername(){

8. return username;

9. }

10. publicvoid setUsername(String username){

11. this.username = username;

12. }

13. publicString getPassword(){

14. return password;

15. }

16. publicvoid setPassword(String password){

17. this.password = password;

18. }

19. }

Environment 读取方式

以上所有加载出来的配置都可以通过 Environment 注入获取到。

1. @Autowired

2. privateEnvironment env;

3. // 获取参数

4. String getProperty(String key);

总结

从以上示例来看，Spring Boot 可以通过 @PropertySource,@Value,@Environment,@ConfigurationProperties 来绑定变量