linux array,Linux Shell Array

Array Operation

Basic

# Initial

arr=(Hello World)

# Print

echo ${arr[0]} ${arr[1]}

# Assign

arr[0]=Hello

arr[1]=World

# Append

# Notice: arr+="Hello" is wrong

arr+=("Hello")

arr+=("World")

Iteration

${arr[*]} # All of the items in the array

${!arr[*]} # All of the indexes in the array

${#arr[*]} # Number of items in the array

${#arr[0]} # Length of item zero

Basic Examples

#!/bin/bash

array=(one two three four [5]=five)

echo "Array size: ${#array[*]}"

# --------

# Array size: 5

# --------

echo "Array items:"

for item in ${array[*]}

do

printf " %s\n" $item

done

# --------

# Array items:

# one

# two

# three

# four

# five

# --------

echo "Array indexes:"

for index in ${!array[*]}

do

printf " %d\n" $index

done

# --------

# Array indexes:

# 0

# 1

# 2

# 3

# 5

# --------

echo "Array items and indexes:"

for index in ${!array[*]}

do

printf "%4d: %s\n" $index ${array[$index]}

done

# --------

# Array items and indexes:

# 0: one

# 1: two

# 2: three

# 3: four

# 5: five

# --------

Advanced Examples

#!/bin/bash

array=("first item" "second item" "third" "item")

echo "Number of items in original array: ${#array[*]}"

for ix in ${!array[*]}

do

printf " %s\n" "${array[$ix]}"

done

echo

# --------

# Number of items in original array: 4

# first item

# second item

# third

# item

# --------

arr=(${array[*]})

echo "After unquoted expansion: ${#arr[*]}"

for ix in ${!arr[*]}

do

printf " %s\n" "${arr[$ix]}"

done

echo

# --------

# After unquoted expansion: 6

# first

# item

# second

# item

# third

# item

# --------

arr=("${array[*]}")

echo "After * quoted expansion: ${#arr[*]}"

for ix in ${!arr[*]}

do

printf " %s\n" "${arr[$ix]}"

done

echo

# --------

# After * quoted expansion: 1

# first item second item third item

# --------

arr=("${array[@]}")

echo "After @ quoted expansion: ${#arr[*]}"

for ix in ${!arr[*]}

do

printf " %s\n" "${arr[$ix]}"

done

# --------

# After @ quoted expansion: 4

# first item

# second item

# third

# item

# --------