python中查找函数用法_在python包中查找某些方法和函数的所有用法

您只需要关心实际导入到当前正在检查的模块中的名称。请注意，这里几乎没有并发症：导入的名称可从其他模块中使用，以便从当前模块导入；import foo在模块bar中使{}从外部可用。所以from bar import foo实际上和{}是一样的。在

任何对象都可以存储在一个列表、一个元组中、成为另一个对象的属性、存储在字典中、分配给另一个名称，并且可以动态引用。E、 g.存储在列表中的导入属性，由索引引用：import foo

spam = [foo.bar]

spam[0]()

调用foo.bar对象。通过AST分析跟踪其中一些用法是可以完成的，但是Python是一种高度动态的语言，您很快就会遇到一些限制。例如，您无法确定spam[0] = random.choice([foo.bar, foo.baz])将产生什么。

通过使用global和nonlocal语句，嵌套函数作用域可以更改父作用域中的名称。所以一个人为的函数，比如：

^{pr2}$

将导入模块foo并将其添加到全局命名空间中，但仅当调用bar()时。跟踪这一点很困难，因为您需要跟踪实际调用bar()的时间。这甚至可能发生在当前模块(import weirdmodule; weirdmodule.bar())之外。

如果忽略了这些复杂情况，只关注import语句中使用的名称，则需要跟踪Import和{}节点，并跟踪作用域(这样就可以知道本地名称是否屏蔽了全局，或者导入的名称是否导入了本地作用域)。然后查找引用导入名称的Name(..., Load)节点。在import ast

from collections import ChainMap

from types import MappingProxyType as readonlydict

class ModuleUseCollector(ast.NodeVisitor):

def __init__(self, modulename, package=''):

self.modulename = modulename

# used to resolve from ... import ... references

self.package = package

self.modulepackage, _, self.modulestem = modulename.rpartition('.')

# track scope namespaces, with a mapping of imported names (bound name to original)

# If a name references None it is used for a different purpose in that scope

# and so masks a name in the global namespace.

self.scopes = ChainMap()

self.used_at = [] # list of (name, alias, line) entries

def visit_FunctionDef(self, node):

self.scopes = self.scopes.new_child()

self.generic_visit(node)

self.scopes = self.scopes.parents

def visit_Lambda(self, node):

# lambdas are just functions, albeit with no statements

self.visit_Function(node)

def visit_ClassDef(self, node):

# class scope is a special local scope that is re-purposed to form

# the class attributes. By using a read-only dict proxy here this code

# we can expect an exception when a class body contains an import

# statement or uses names that'd mask an imported name.

self.scopes = self.scopes.new_child(readonlydict({}))

self.generic_visit(node)

self.scopes = self.scopes.parents

def visit_Import(self, node):

self.scopes.update({

a.asname or a.name: a.name

for a in node.names

if a.name == self.modulename

})

def visit_ImportFrom(self, node):

# resolve relative imports; from . import , from .. import

source = node.module # can be None

if node.level:

package = self.package

if node.level > 1:

# go up levels as needed

package = '.'.join(self.package.split('.')[:-(node.level - 1)])

source = f'{package}.{source}' if source else package

if self.modulename == source:

# names imported from our target module

self.scopes.update({

a.asname or a.name: f'{self.modulename}.{a.name}'

for a in node.names

})

elif self.modulepackage and self.modulepackage == source:

# from package import module import, where package.module is what we want

self.scopes.update({

a.asname or a.name: self.modulename

for a in node.names

if a.name == self.modulestem

})

def visit_Name(self, node):

if not isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load):

# store or del operation, means the name is masked in the current scope

try:

self.scopes[node.id] = None

except TypeError:

# class scope, which we made read-only. These names can't mask

# anything so just ignore these.

pass

return

# find scope this name was defined in, starting at the current scope

imported_name = self.scopes.get(node.id)

if imported_name is None:

return

self.used_at.append((imported_name, node.id, node.lineno))

现在，给定一个模块名foo.bar和foo包中某个模块的以下源代码文件：from .bar import name1 as namealias1

from foo import bar as modalias1

def loremipsum(dolor):

return namealias1(dolor)

def sitamet():

from foo.bar import consectetur

modalias1 = 'something else'

consectetur(modalias1)

class Adipiscing:

def elit_nam(self):

return modalias1.name2(self)

您可以解析上述内容并使用以下内容提取所有foo.bar引用：>>> collector = ModuleUseCollector('foo.bar', 'foo')

>>> collector.visit(ast.parse(source))

>>> for name, alias, line in collector.used_at:

... print(f'{name} ({alias}) used on line {line}')

...

foo.bar.name1 (namealias1) used on line 5

foo.bar.consectetur (consectetur) used on line 11

foo.bar (modalias1) used on line 15

注意，sitamet作用域中的modalias1名称并没有被视为对导入模块的实际引用，因为它被用作本地名称。在