ubuntu mysql 简书_Ubuntu MySQL 小记

1.安装

安装服务器：

root@ubuntu:/# apt-get install mysql-server-5.5

安装客户端：

root@ubuntu:/# apt-get install mysql-client-core-5.5

中途遇到依赖包无法下载的问题，更换一下软件源就ok 度娘 ubuntu更新源

ubuntu下mysql安装目录:

url

content

/usr/bin

客户端和mysql_install_db

/var/lib/mysql

数据库和日志文件

/var/run/mysqld

服务器

/etc/mysql

配置文件 my.cnf

/usr/share/mysql

字符集，基准程序和错误消息

/etc/init.d/mysql

启动mysql服务器

2.常用操作

mysql服务操作

// /etc/init.d/mysql + 命令 start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status

/etc/init.d/mysql start;

mysql登陆

mysql -u 用户名 -p

查看编码

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client | utf8 |

| character_set_connection | utf8 |

| character_set_database | latin1 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | utf8 |

| character_set_server | latin1 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看字符集

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%';

+----------------------+-------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+----------------------+-------------------+

| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |

| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |

| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |

+----------------------+-------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

修改配置文件编码

# client 下添加 default-character-set=utf8

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

default-character-set=utf8

# mysqld 下添加 character-set-server=utf8 (可添加 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 设置数据库链接时的编码)

[mysqld]

user = mysql

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

port = 3306

basedir = /usr

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

tmpdir = /tmp

lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql

skip-external-locking

character-set-server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

查看数据库或表的创建信息(查编码)

show create database `database_name`;

show create table `table_name`;

查看表中所有字段的编码

show full columns from `table_name`;

更改数据库或表的编码和字符集

//更改后需重启服务

ALTER DATABASE `database_name` (ALTER TABLE `table_name`) DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci

*** 修改表中字段的字符集***

ALTER TABLE `table_name` modify `column_name` 字段类型 CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL;