Centos7 系统可以通过链接下载Centos下载地址。首先需要准备的软件都有:Centos系统、SecureCRT 8.5、VMware Workstation Pro、jdk-8u172-linux-x64.tar.gz基本上这个软件就是今天的战场。
首先安装VMware Workstation 并配置激活SecureCRT,关于这两个软件的安装可以查看这个教程SecureCRT安装、VMware Workstation 14 中文破解版安装,VMware14安装centos7。按照要求可以准备三台虚拟机。
一、 hadoop环境准备(可以先安装一台虚拟机,在复制两个,统一配置)
1.1查看当前操作系统环境以及主机映射关系
[root@jiang01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
[root@jiang01 ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64
[root@jiang01 ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 2827 196 2323 9 307 2475
Swap: 3071 0 3071
[root@jiang01 ~]# hostname -i
1.2 修改hostname,重启三台机器,主机名称将永久生效
# 1 使用hostnamectl命令
hostnamectl set-hostname xxx
//删除hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname ""
hostnamectl set-hostname 主机名
# 2
vi /etc/hostname
1.3 关闭防火墙
停止firewall systemctl stop firewalld.service
禁止firewall开机启动 systemctl disable firewalld.service
1.4 hosts文件设置,只是为了不直接使用ip,使用主机名方便好记,
[root@jiang01 ~]# vi /etc/hosts
[root@jiang01 ~]# cat /etc/hosts | grep jiang
192.168.1.16 jiang01
192.168.1.17 jiang02
192.168.1.17 jiang03
1.5 配置三台机器免密登录 ,网上有很多种方式来配置,我选择了其中最简单的那种。命令依次为
生成私钥并配置禹本纪的免密登录:ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
拷贝私钥 ssh-copy-id 用户名@主机名
查看免秘是否成功 ssh 主机名
1.6 配置网络镜像源
下载镜像源
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
清楚缓存
yum clean all && yum update && yum makecache
1.7 SELINUX关闭
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#' /etc/selinux/config
1.8 安装jdk
[root@jiang01 ~]# mkdir app
[root@jiang01 ~]#
[root@jiang01 ~]# cd app/
[root@jiang01 app]#
[root@jiang01 app]# rz
rz waiting to receive.
Starting zmodem transfer. Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring installJDK.sh...
100% 593 bytes 593 bytes/sec 00:00:01 0 Errors
Transferring jdk-8u172-linux-x64.tar.gz...
100% 186447 KB 1456 KB/sec 00:02:08 0 Errors
[root@jiang01 app]#
[root@jiang01 app]#
[root@jiang01 app]# source ./installJDK.sh
/usr/local/app/jdk1.8.0_172
安装完毕!!!\r下面进行测试
Usage: javac <options> <source files>
where possible options include:
-g Generate all debugging info
-g:none Generate no debugging info
-g:{lines,vars,source} Generate only some debugging info
-nowarn Generate no warnings
-verbose Output messages about what the compiler is doing
-deprecation Output source locations where deprecated APIs are used
-classpath <path> Specify where to find user class files and annotation processors
-cp <path> Specify where to find user class files and annotation processors
-sourcepath <path> Specify where to find input source files
-bootclasspath <path> Override location of bootstrap class files
-extdirs <dirs> Override location of installed extensions
-endorseddirs <dirs> Override location of endorsed standards path
-proc:{none,only} Control whether annotation processing and/or compilation is done.
-processor <class1>[,<class2>,<class3>...] Names of the annotation processors to run; bypasses default discovery process
-processorpath <path> Specify where to find annotation processors
-parameters Generate metadata for reflection on method parameters
-d <directory> Specify where to place generated class files
-s <directory> Specify where to place generated source files
-h <directory> Specify where to place generated native header files
-implicit:{none,class} Specify whether or not to generate class files for implicitly referenced files
-encoding <encoding> Specify character encoding used by source files
-source <release> Provide source compatibility with specified release
-target <release> Generate class files for specific VM version
-profile <profile> Check that API used is available in the specified profile
-version Version information
-help Print a synopsis of standard options
-Akey[=value] Options to pass to annotation processors
-X Print a synopsis of nonstandard options
-J<flag> Pass <flag> directly to the runtime system
-Werror Terminate compilation if warnings occur
@<filename> Read options and filenames from file
java版本为:
java version "1.8.0_172"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_172-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.172-b11, mixed mode)
是否删除安装包
1) 是
2) 否
#? 1
脚本执行完毕!!!
[root@jiang01 jdk1.8.0_172]#
java安装脚本
#!/bin/bash
#author :lizhenjiang
#email:idea_zhenjiang@163.com
mkdir /usr/local/app
tar -zxf jdk* -C /usr/local/app
cd /usr/local/app/jdk*
home=`pwd`
echo $home
echo "export JAVA_HOME=${home}" >> /etc/profile
echo "export PATH=\$PATH:\$JAVA_HOME/bin" >> /etc/profile
echo "安装完毕!!!\r下面进行测试"
#配置完成,下面的是测试
source /etc/profile
javac
echo "java版本为:"
java -version
echo "是否删除安装包"
select var in 是 否
do
break
done
if [ var = 是 ]
then
rm jdk-*
echo "安装包已删除"
fi
echo "脚本执行完毕!!!"
1.9 编写集群管理脚本,这些脚本在其它课程上有很多,都可以拿来使用
批量执行服务脚本命令
#!/bin/bash
#author :lizhenjiang
#email:idea_zhenjiang@163.com
#判断用户是否传参
if [ $# -lt 1 ];then
echo "请输入参数"
exit
fi
#获取用户输入的命令
cmd=$@
for (( i=1;i<=3;i++ ))
do
tput setaf 6
echo ============= jiang0${i} : $cmd ============
tput setaf 9
#远程执行命令
ssh jiang0${i} "source /etc/profile;$cmd"
#判断命令是否执行成功
if [ $? == 0 ];then
echo "命令执行成功"
fi
done
[root@jiang01 jdk1.8.0_172]# vi /usr/bin/xcall.sh
[root@jiang01 jdk1.8.0_172]# chmod +x /usr/bin/xcall.sh
[root@jiang01 jdk1.8.0_172]# xcall.sh ls -d /root/
[root@jiang01 jdk1.8.0_172]# xcall.sh ls -d /root/
============= jiang01 : ls -d /root/ ============
/root/
命令执行成功
============= jiang02 : ls -d /root/ ============
/root/
命令执行成功
============= jiang03 : ls -d /root/ ============
/root/
命令执行成功
[root@jiang01 jdk1.8.0_172]#
[root@jiang01 jdk1.8.0_172]# xcall.sh "yum -y install rsync"
============= jiang01 : yum -y install rsync ============
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rsync.x86_64 0:3.1.2-6.el7_6.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
rsync x86_64 3.1.2-6.el7_6.1 base 404 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 404 k
Installed size: 815 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : rsync-3.1.2-6.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : rsync-3.1.2-6.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
rsync.x86_64 0:3.1.2-6.el7_6.1
Complete!
命令执行成功
============= jiang02 : yum -y install rsync ============
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rsync.x86_64 0:3.1.2-6.el7_6.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
rsync x86_64 3.1.2-6.el7_6.1 base 404 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 404 k
Installed size: 815 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : rsync-3.1.2-6.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : rsync-3.1.2-6.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
rsync.x86_64 0:3.1.2-6.el7_6.1
Complete!
命令执行成功
============= jiang03 : yum -y install rsync ============
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rsync.x86_64 0:3.1.2-6.el7_6.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
rsync x86_64 3.1.2-6.el7_6.1 base 404 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 404 k
Installed size: 815 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : rsync-3.1.2-6.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : rsync-3.1.2-6.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
rsync.x86_64 0:3.1.2-6.el7_6.1
Complete!
命令执行成功
[root@jiang01 jdk1.8.0_172]#
批量同步文件脚本:
#!/bin/bash
#author :lizhenjiang
#email:idea_zhenjiang@163.com
#判断用户是否传参
if [ $# -lt 1 ];then
echo "请输入参数";
exit
fi
#获取文件路径
file=$@
#获取子路径
filename=`basename $file`
#获取父路径
dirpath=`dirname $file`
#获取完整路径
cd $dirpath
fullpath=`pwd -P`
#同步文件到DataNode
for (( i=2;i<=3;i++ ))
do
tput setaf 6
echo =========== jiang0${i} : $file ===========
tput setaf 9
#远程执行命令
rsync -lr $filename `whoami`@jiang0${i}:$fullpath
#判断命令是否执行成功
if [ $? == 0 ];then
echo "命令执行成功"
fi
done
[root@jiang01 app]# vi /usr/bin/xrsync.sh
[root@jiang01 app]#
[root@jiang01 app]#
[root@jiang01 app]# chmod +x /usr/bin/xrsync.sh
[root@jiang01 app]#
[root@jiang01 app]# xcall.sh cat /etc/hosts
============= jiang01 : cat /etc/hosts ============
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.16 jiang01
192.168.1.17 jiang02
192.168.1.18 jiang03
命令执行成功
============= jiang02 : cat /etc/hosts ============
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.16 jiang01
192.168.1.17 jiang02
192.168.1.18 jiang03
命令执行成功
============= jiang03 : cat /etc/hosts ============
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.16 jiang01
192.168.1.17 jiang02
192.168.1.18 jiang03
命令执行成功
[root@jiang01 app]# xcall.sh mkdir /usr/local/app/
============= jiang01 : mkdir /usr/local/app/ ============
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/usr/local/app/’: File exists
============= jiang02 : mkdir /usr/local/app/ ============
命令执行成功
============= jiang03 : mkdir /usr/local/app/ ============
命令执行成功
[root@jiang01 app]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 8 10 143 4096 Sep 26 11:02 jdk1.8.0_172
[root@jiang01 app]# xrsync.sh jdk1.8.0_172/
=========== jiang02 : jdk1.8.0_172/ ===========
命令执行成功
=========== jiang03 : jdk1.8.0_172/ ===========
命令执行成功
[root@jiang01 app]#
[root@jiang01 app]#
[root@jiang01 app]# xrsync.sh /etc/profile
=========== jiang02 : /etc/profile ===========
命令执行成功
=========== jiang03 : /etc/profile ===========
命令执行成功
[root@jiang01 app]#
2.0 同步网络时钟,集群要保证时钟的一致性,以免集群出现问题
显示时区:
date -R
#安装ntpdate工具
yum install ntpdate -y
#使用ntpdate校时(后面的是ntp服务器)
ntpdate pool.ntp.org
hwclock -w
定时任务(高可用集群时间同步很重要)
/5 * /usr/sbin/ntpdate pool.ntp.org >/dev/null 2>&1
每五分钟同步一次时间
到现在基础环境已经准备就绪,已经完全准备好了安装大数据相关的集群。