RestTemplate底层使用的是java.net.URLConnection底层包,如果想其它诸如OkHttp,HttpClient,可以在项目里面配置。
RestTemplate继承体系图:
HttpAccessor 这是一个抽象类:也就是在这里默认使用SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory创建的request请求对象
RestOperations 这是一个接口,在这里则定义了项目中使用的getForObject,postForObject等方法,按照设计模式的单一职责原则来说,这里单独负责请求,而在RestTemplate对这些方法做出了实现
RestOperations接口代码:
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// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
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package org.springframework.web.client;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.springframework.core.ParameterizedTypeReference;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.RequestEntity;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
public interface RestOperations {
@Nullable
<T> T getForObject(String var1, Class<T> var2, Object... var3) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T getForObject(String var1, Class<T> var2, Map<String, ?> var3) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T getForObject(URI var1, Class<T> var2) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> getForEntity(String var1, Class<T> var2, Object... var3) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> getForEntity(String var1, Class<T> var2, Map<String, ?> var3) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> getForEntity(URI var1, Class<T> var2) throws RestClientException;
HttpHeaders headForHeaders(String var1, Object... var2) throws RestClientException;
HttpHeaders headForHeaders(String var1, Map<String, ?> var2) throws RestClientException;
HttpHeaders headForHeaders(URI var1) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
URI postForLocation(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Object... var3) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
URI postForLocation(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Map<String, ?> var3) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
URI postForLocation(URI var1, @Nullable Object var2) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T postForObject(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Class<T> var3, Object... var4) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T postForObject(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Class<T> var3, Map<String, ?> var4) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T postForObject(URI var1, @Nullable Object var2, Class<T> var3) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> postForEntity(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Class<T> var3, Object... var4) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> postForEntity(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Class<T> var3, Map<String, ?> var4) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> postForEntity(URI var1, @Nullable Object var2, Class<T> var3) throws RestClientException;
void put(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Object... var3) throws RestClientException;
void put(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Map<String, ?> var3) throws RestClientException;
void put(URI var1, @Nullable Object var2) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T patchForObject(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Class<T> var3, Object... var4) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T patchForObject(String var1, @Nullable Object var2, Class<T> var3, Map<String, ?> var4) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T patchForObject(URI var1, @Nullable Object var2, Class<T> var3) throws RestClientException;
void delete(String var1, Object... var2) throws RestClientException;
void delete(String var1, Map<String, ?> var2) throws RestClientException;
void delete(URI var1) throws RestClientException;
Set<HttpMethod> optionsForAllow(String var1, Object... var2) throws RestClientException;
Set<HttpMethod> optionsForAllow(String var1, Map<String, ?> var2) throws RestClientException;
Set<HttpMethod> optionsForAllow(URI var1) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(String var1, HttpMethod var2, @Nullable HttpEntity<?> var3, Class<T> var4, Object... var5) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(String var1, HttpMethod var2, @Nullable HttpEntity<?> var3, Class<T> var4, Map<String, ?> var5) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(URI var1, HttpMethod var2, @Nullable HttpEntity<?> var3, Class<T> var4) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(String var1, HttpMethod var2, @Nullable HttpEntity<?> var3, ParameterizedTypeReference<T> var4, Object... var5) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(String var1, HttpMethod var2, @Nullable HttpEntity<?> var3, ParameterizedTypeReference<T> var4, Map<String, ?> var5) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(URI var1, HttpMethod var2, @Nullable HttpEntity<?> var3, ParameterizedTypeReference<T> var4) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(RequestEntity<?> var1, Class<T> var2) throws RestClientException;
<T> ResponseEntity<T> exchange(RequestEntity<?> var1, ParameterizedTypeReference<T> var2) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T execute(String var1, HttpMethod var2, @Nullable RequestCallback var3, @Nullable ResponseExtractor<T> var4, Object... var5) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T execute(String var1, HttpMethod var2, @Nullable RequestCallback var3, @Nullable ResponseExtractor<T> var4, Map<String, ?> var5) throws RestClientException;
@Nullable
<T> T execute(URI var1, HttpMethod var2, @Nullable RequestCallback var3, @Nullable ResponseExtractor<T> var4) throws RestClientException;
}
通过这个入口查看 底层是通过通过类之间的关系来实现请求的创建
@Nullable
protected <T> T doExecute(URI url, @Nullable HttpMethod method, @Nullable RequestCallback requestCallback, @Nullable ResponseExtractor<T> responseExtractor) throws RestClientException {
Assert.notNull(url, "URI is required");
Assert.notNull(method, "HttpMethod is required");
ClientHttpResponse response = null;
Object var14;
try {
ClientHttpRequest request = this.createRequest(url, method);
if (requestCallback != null) {
requestCallback.doWithRequest(request);
}
response = request.execute();
this.handleResponse(url, method, response);
var14 = responseExtractor != null ? responseExtractor.extractData(response) : null;
} catch (IOException var12) {
String resource = url.toString();
String query = url.getRawQuery();
resource = query != null ? resource.substring(0, resource.indexOf(63)) : resource;
throw new ResourceAccessException("I/O error on " + method.name() + " request for \"" + resource + "\": " + var12.getMessage(), var12);
} finally {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
}
return var14;
}
客户端请求创建工厂的顶层接口类,这里是一个规范,需要诸如netty、okHttp做实现
//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
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package org.springframework.http.client;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
@FunctionalInterface
public interface ClientHttpRequestFactory {
ClientHttpRequest createRequest(URI var1, HttpMethod var2) throws IOException;
}
ClientHttpRequestFactory工厂的实现类:
本文我们这里只是关心RestTemplate默认使用的请求创建工厂SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory
public ClientHttpRequest createRequest(URI uri, HttpMethod httpMethod) throws IOException {
HttpURLConnection connection = this.openConnection(uri.toURL(), this.proxy);
this.prepareConnection(connection, httpMethod.name());
return (ClientHttpRequest)(this.bufferRequestBody ? new SimpleBufferingClientHttpRequest(connection, this.outputStreaming) : new SimpleStreamingClientHttpRequest(connection, this.chunkSize, this.outputStreaming));
}
通过跟踪
HttpURLConnection connection = this.openConnection(uri.toURL(), this.proxy);
URLConnection urlConnection = proxy != null ? url.openConnection(proxy) : url.openConnection();
通过三目表达式判断当前是否设置代理,但是不论是 url.openConnection(proxy) 还是url.openConnection()都是java.net.URL里面的方法,java.net.URL这个类经过final的修饰,已经不能被继承,
作为ClientHttpRequestFactory一个实现,我们通过查看其代码
//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//
package org.springframework.http.client;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.Proxy;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import org.springframework.core.task.AsyncListenableTaskExecutor;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
public class SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory implements ClientHttpRequestFactory, AsyncClientHttpRequestFactory {
private static final int DEFAULT_CHUNK_SIZE = 4096;
@Nullable
private Proxy proxy;
private boolean bufferRequestBody = true;
private int chunkSize = 4096;
private int connectTimeout = -1;
private int readTimeout = -1;
private boolean outputStreaming = true;
@Nullable
private AsyncListenableTaskExecutor taskExecutor;
public SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory() {
}
public void setProxy(Proxy proxy) {
this.proxy = proxy;
}
public void setBufferRequestBody(boolean bufferRequestBody) {
this.bufferRequestBody = bufferRequestBody;
}
public void setChunkSize(int chunkSize) {
this.chunkSize = chunkSize;
}
public void setConnectTimeout(int connectTimeout) {
this.connectTimeout = connectTimeout;
}
public void setReadTimeout(int readTimeout) {
this.readTimeout = readTimeout;
}
public void setOutputStreaming(boolean outputStreaming) {
this.outputStreaming = outputStreaming;
}
public void setTaskExecutor(AsyncListenableTaskExecutor taskExecutor) {
this.taskExecutor = taskExecutor;
}
public ClientHttpRequest createRequest(URI uri, HttpMethod httpMethod) throws IOException {
HttpURLConnection connection = this.openConnection(uri.toURL(), this.proxy);
this.prepareConnection(connection, httpMethod.name());
return (ClientHttpRequest)(this.bufferRequestBody ? new SimpleBufferingClientHttpRequest(connection, this.outputStreaming) : new SimpleStreamingClientHttpRequest(connection, this.chunkSize, this.outputStreaming));
}
public AsyncClientHttpRequest createAsyncRequest(URI uri, HttpMethod httpMethod) throws IOException {
Assert.state(this.taskExecutor != null, "Asynchronous execution requires TaskExecutor to be set");
HttpURLConnection connection = this.openConnection(uri.toURL(), this.proxy);
this.prepareConnection(connection, httpMethod.name());
return (AsyncClientHttpRequest)(this.bufferRequestBody ? new SimpleBufferingAsyncClientHttpRequest(connection, this.outputStreaming, this.taskExecutor) : new SimpleStreamingAsyncClientHttpRequest(connection, this.chunkSize, this.outputStreaming, this.taskExecutor));
}
protected HttpURLConnection openConnection(URL url, @Nullable Proxy proxy) throws IOException {
URLConnection urlConnection = proxy != null ? url.openConnection(proxy) : url.openConnection();
if (!HttpURLConnection.class.isInstance(urlConnection)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("HttpURLConnection required for [" + url + "] but got: " + urlConnection);
} else {
return (HttpURLConnection)urlConnection;
}
}
protected void prepareConnection(HttpURLConnection connection, String httpMethod) throws IOException {
if (this.connectTimeout >= 0) {
connection.setConnectTimeout(this.connectTimeout);
}
if (this.readTimeout >= 0) {
connection.setReadTimeout(this.readTimeout);
}
connection.setDoInput(true);
if ("GET".equals(httpMethod)) {
connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
} else {
connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
}
if (!"POST".equals(httpMethod) && !"PUT".equals(httpMethod) && !"PATCH".equals(httpMethod) && !"DELETE".equals(httpMethod)) {
connection.setDoOutput(false);
} else {
connection.setDoOutput(true);
}
connection.setRequestMethod(httpMethod);
}
}
本文需要讲的内容就结束了,可以知道RestTemplate默认实现是使用java.net包里面的实现。这里在项目里面均可经过配置修改。