php 5.3 gd,linux 64位 redhat5.3上安装apache2.2+mysql5.5+php5+GD库

linux 64位 redhat5.3下安装apache2.2+mysql5.5+php5+GD库

本身php就不熟，还要在linux下安装php的运行环境，这个过程是在太痛苦了，幸亏linux有镜像恢复功能，在试验安装过程中遇到各种错误，恢复了不下三次。

最先选择的是lnmp一键包(http://lnmp.org/)，可是总是遇见各种错误，试了三四次之后放弃了，还是按部就班一步一步来吧。

服务器操作系统：linux 64位 版本redhat5.3

需要准备的安装包：

MySQL-server-5.5.15-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

MySQL-client-5.5.15-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

MySQL-devel-5.5.15-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

xpm-3.4k-2.i386.rpm

zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz

libpng-1.5.4.tar.gz

jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz

freetype-2.1.9.tar.gz

gettext-0.18.tar.gz

gd-devel-2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2.i386.rpm

gd-2.0.35.tar.gz

httpd-2.2.19.tar.gz

php-5.2.17.tar.gz

一、安装mysql

下载：http://www.mysql.com/downloads/

安装server：rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.15-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

安装client：rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.15-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.5.15-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm(如果不安装，后面安装php时有可能出错)

安装后有提示不要忘记修改密码：

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h bogon password 'new-password'

启动：

service mysql start

service mysql stop

service mysql restart

二、安装GD库

(http://www.alixixi.com/ePrint.asp?from=dev&id=11559)

1、安装XPM支持

#rpm -ivh xpm-3.4k-2.i386.rpm

2、安装libxml2 (记得PHP5只支持libxml2-2.5.10以上版本)

#tar zxvf libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz

#cd libxml2-2.7.8

#./configure

#make

#make install

3、安装zlib

# tar xvzf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

# cd zlib-1.2.3

# ./configure

64位系统，需要在configure之后修改Makefile在CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" (添加红色部分)(http://cxd263.blog.163.com/blog/static/34186249200922005443141/)

# make && make install

4、安装freetype

# tar xvzf freetype-2.1.9.tar.gz

# cd freetype-2.1.9

# ./configure

# make && make install

5、安装libpng

# tar xvzf libpng-1.5.4.tar.gz

# cd libpng-1.5.4

# ./configure

64位系统，需要在configure之后修改Makefile在CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" (添加红色部分)(http://cxd263.blog.163.com/blog/static/34186249200922005443141/)

#make libdir=/usr/lib64

#make libdir=/usr/lib64 install

6、安装jpegsrc

# tar xvzf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz

# cd jpegsrc.v6b

# ./configure  –enable-shared –enable-static

64位系统，需要在configure之后修改Makefile在CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" (添加红色部分)(http://cxd263.blog.163.com/blog/static/34186249200922005443141/)

#make libdir=/usr/lib64

#make libdir=/usr/lib64 install

如果发生以下错误：

引用

# make && make install

./libtool --mode=compile gcc -O2  -I. -c ./jcapimin.c

make: ./libtool：命令未找到

make: *** [jcapimin.lo] 错误 127

./libtool --mode=compile gcc -O2  -I. -c ./cjpeg.c

make: ./libtool：命令未找到make: *** [cjpeg.lo] 错误 127

解决办法：

首先看有没有安装libtool 及 libtool-ltdl-devel

rpm   -qa | grep   libtool

然后进入jpeg-6b的源码目录，然后执行以下步骤，切记！COPY到当前目录注意后面的点(.)

cp   /usr/share/libtool/config.sub  .

cp   /usr/share/libtool/config.guess  .

也就是把 libtool里面的两个配置文件拿来覆盖掉jpeg-6b目录下的对应文件

make clean (切记。make clean)再重新configure

还可能出现错误：

引用

/usr/bin/install: cannot create regular file `/usr/local/man/man1/cjpeg.1': No such file or directory

make: *** [install] Error 1

解决办法：

mkdir /usr/local/man

mkdir /usr/loca/man/man1    创建完了再来

make libdir=/usr/lib64 install   (没报错就成功)

7、安装gettext(有的直接就有，可以先安装GD库，报错再返回来安装)

# tar xvzf gettext-0.18.tar.gz

# cd gettext-0.18

# ./configure

# make && make install

8、安装GD

# tar xvzf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz

# cd gd-2.0.35

# ./configure --with-png --with-freetype --with-jpeg

# make

# make install

configure...这一步可能的错误：configure.ac:64: error: possibly undefined macro: AM_ICONV，这个就必须安装gettext

三、安装apache

#tar zxvf httpd-2.2.19.tar.gz

#cd httpd-2.2.19

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-module=so

#make

#make install

四、安装php

#mkdir /usr/local/php

#tar zxvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz

#cd php-5.2.17

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local  --with-gd=/usr/local  --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local --with-mysql=/var/lib/mysql

编译中可能出现错误：

引用

1、configure之后提示找不到libjpeg(a|so)

# rpm -qa | grep jpeg

libjpeg-6b-37

# updatedb

# locate libjpeg.so

/usr/lib64/libjpeg.so.62

/usr/lib64/libjpeg.so.62.0.0

/usr/lib64/libjpeg.so

/usr/lib/libjpeg.so

# locate libjpeg.a

/usr/lib64/libjpeg.a

/data0/software/jpeg-6b/libjpeg.a

(也可以find / -name “libjpeg* -print”查找)

通过上面的搜索其实就知道一些原因了,configure一般的搜索编译路径为/usr/lib/下,因为php默认就在/usr/lib/下找相关库文件,而x64机器上是在:/usr/lib64.这时你就可以直接把需要的库文件从/usr/lib64中拷贝到/usr/lib/中去就可以了.

那么记得要在configure前执行如下的命令:

cp -frp /usr/lib64/libjpeg.* /usr/lib/

(同样png一样处理)

2、configure: error: Cannot find libmysqlclient under /usr.

libmysqlclient 明明是安装在/usr/lib64/mysql下面的，后来在网上查了一下，貌似configure脚本的这个--with-mysql参数在RHEL5.3下有问题。

所以，索性搞两个软链接，问题解决

ln -s /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.a /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.a

ln -s /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient_r..a /usr/lib/libmysqlclient_r.a

(http://www.cnblogs.com/welkinwalker/archive/2011/06/27/2091408.html)

3、找不到mysql头文件：Cannot find MySQL header files under /var/lib/mysql

安装mysql-devel

rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.5.15-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

#make

#make test

#make install

安装完成后有如下提示：根据提示来就好

引用

Installing PHP SAPI module:       apache2handler

/usr/local/apache2/build/instdso.sh SH_LIBTOOL='/usr/local/apache2/build/libtool' libphp5.la /usr/local/apache2/modules

/usr/local/apache2/build/libtool --mode=install cp libphp5.la /usr/local/apache2/modules/

cp .libs/libphp5.so /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so

cp .libs/libphp5.lai /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.la

libtool: install: warning: remember to run `libtool --finish /usr/local/php-5.2.17/libs'

chmod 755 /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so

[activating module `php5' in /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf]

Installing PHP CLI binary:        /usr/local/php/bin/

Installing PHP CLI man page:      /usr/local/php/man/man1/

Installing build environment:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/build/

Installing header files:          /usr/local/php/include/php/

Installing helper programs:       /usr/local/php/bin/

program: phpize

program: php-config

Installing man pages:             /usr/local/php/man/man1/

page: phpize.1

page: php-config.1

Installing PEAR environment:      /usr/local/php/lib/php/

[PEAR] Archive_Tar    - installed: 1.3.7

[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.2.3

[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.3

[PEAR] XML_Util       - installed: 1.2.1

[PEAR] PEAR           - installed: 1.9.1

Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/php/etc/pear.conf

You may want to add: /usr/local/php/lib/php to your php.ini include_path

Installing PDO headers:          /usr/local/php/include/php/ext/pdo/

五、配置apache及php

1、复制PHP.INI文件到正确位置

在PHP目录下运行

#cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

2、编辑apache配置文件httpd.conf

#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

1)一般都在#AddType application/x-tar .tgz下加一行

#LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

如果你搜索其它地方没有以下这行LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so,把上面的#号去掉

2)DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var 在后面加 index.php 让它把index.php做为默认页

3)找到ServerName ，改为ServerName 192.168.1.111:80

4)DocumentRoot "/home/wwwroot",/home/wwwroot是要访问的网页的存放路径

5)同上

6)AddDefaultCharset utf-8，防止出现乱码

3、修改 httpd.conf 、php.ini、my.cnf，解决php的乱码问题

1)修改php.ini

default_charset = "UTF-8"

[mbstring]

; language for internal character representation.

mbstring.language = utf-8

; internal/script encoding.

; Some encoding cannot work as internal encoding.

; (e.g. SJIS, BIG5, ISO-2022-*)

mbstring.internal_encoding = utf-8

; http input encoding.

mbstring.http_input = auto

; http output encoding. mb_output_handler must be

; registered as output buffer to function

mbstring.http_output = utf-8

; enable automatic encoding translation according to

; mbstring.internal_encoding setting. Input chars are

; converted to internal encoding by setting this to On.

; Note: Do _not_ use automatic encoding translation for

;       portable libs/applications.

mbstring.encoding_translation = On

; automatic encoding detection order.

; auto means

mbstring.detect_order = auto

; substitute_character used when character cannot be converted

; one from another

mbstring.substitute_character = utf-8;

; overload(replace) single byte functions by mbstring functions.

; mail(), ereg(), etc are overloaded by mb_send_mail(), mb_ereg(),

; etc. Possible values are 0,1,2,4 or combination of them.

; For example, 7 for overload everything.

; 0: No overload

; 1: Overload mail() function

; 2: Overload str*() functions

; 4: Overload ereg*() functions

mbstring.func_overload = 1

2)修改my.cnf

如果通过find找不到my.cnf，就从安装的mysql包中copy一份my-huge.cnf，例如：

#find / -name “my-huge.cnf” –print

# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf

然后修改my.cnf文件

在[ mysqld ] 下增加一行

character_set_server=utf8

重启mysql

3)修改httpd.conf

AddDefaultCharset utf-8

4、重启apache并测试

# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

如果没有出错,写一个测试页放到你网页目录下

#vi /home/wwwroot/index.php

phpinfo();