python 多个列表合并,使用多个键合并python字典列表

I want to merge two lists of dictionaries, using multiple keys.

I have a single list of dicts with one set of results:

l1 = [{'id': 1, 'year': '2017', 'resultA': 2},

{'id': 2, 'year': '2017', 'resultA': 3},

{'id': 1, 'year': '2018', 'resultA': 3},

{'id': 2, 'year': '2018', 'resultA': 5}]

And another list of dicts for another set of results:

l2 = [{'id': 1, 'year': '2017', 'resultB': 5},

{'id': 2, 'year': '2017', 'resultB': 8},

{'id': 1, 'year': '2018', 'resultB': 7},

{'id': 2, 'year': '2018', 'resultB': 9}]

And I want to combine them using the 'id' and 'year' keys to get the following:

all = [{'id': 1, 'year': '2017', 'resultA': 2, 'resultB': 5},

{'id': 2, 'year': '2017', 'resultA': 3, 'resultB': 8},

{'id': 1, 'year': '2018', 'resultA': 3, 'resultB': 7},

{'id': 2, 'year': '2018', 'resultA': 5, 'resultB': 9}]

I know that for combining two lists of dicts on a single key, I can use this:

l1 = {d['id']:d for d in l1}

all = [dict(d, **l1.get(d['id'], {})) for d in l2]

But it ignores the year, providing the following incorrect result:

all = [{'id': 1, 'year': '2018', 'resultA': 3, 'resultB': 5},

{'id': 2, 'year': '2018', 'resultA': 5, 'resultB': 8},

{'id': 1, 'year': '2018', 'resultA': 3, 'resultB': 7},

{'id': 2, 'year': '2018', 'resultA': 5, 'resultB': 9}]

Treating this as I would in R, by adding in the second variable I want to merge on, I get a KeyError:

l1 = {d['id','year']:d for d in l1}

all = [dict(d, **l1.get(d['id','year'], {})) for d in l2]

How do I merge using multiple keys?

解决方案

Instead of d['id','year'], use the tuple (d['id'], d['year']) as your key.