java 自定义的异常类_java自定义异常类实例讲解

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一般在web项目中都需要定义一个全局异常来处理一些业务方面的异常，下面是自定义异常的一些代码。

1.自定义一个异常，然后继承RuntimeException

/**

* @author zhuwenwen

* @date 2018/8/16 20:18

*/

@Getter

public class CustomException extends RuntimeException {

/**

* 异常编码

*/

private Integer code;

/**

* 附加数据

*/

private Object data;

public CustomException(String errorMsg) {

super(errorMsg);

this.code= CustomEnum.ERROR.getCode();

}

public CustomException(String errorMsg, Integer code) {

super(errorMsg);

this.code = code;

}

public CustomException(Integer code, String errorMsg, Throwable errorCourse) {

super(errorMsg,errorCourse);

this.code = code;

}

public CustomException(String message, Integer code, Object data) {

super(message);

this.code = code;

this.data = data;

}

}

2.定义一个全局异常处理的类

/**

* 处理全局异常

*

* @author zhuwenwen

* @date 2018/8/17 9:31

*/

@RestControllerAdvice

public class CustomExceptionHandler extends ResponseEntityExceptionHandler implements CustomExceptionHanlerTrit {

private Logger logger=LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomExceptionHandler.class);

/**

*

* @see ResponseEntityExceptionHandler#handleExceptionInternal

*/

@Override

protected ResponseEntity handleExceptionInternal(Exception ex, Object body, HttpHeaders headers, HttpStatus status,WebRequest webRequest) {

logger.warn("{}", ex.getMessage());

return handleException(CustomEnum.FAILURE_HTTP.getCode() + status.value(), ex.getMessage(), null);

}

/**

* 处理ServletException

*

* @param ex 异常

* @return 异常处理结果

*/

@ExceptionHandler(value = {ServletException.class})

protected final ResponseEntity handleServletException(ServletException ex) {

logger.error("{}", ex);

return handleException(CustomEnum.FAILURE_SERVLET.getCode(), ex.getMessage(), null);

}

/**

* 处理SQLException

*

* @param ex 异常

* @return 异常处理结果

*/

@ExceptionHandler(value = {SQLException.class})

protected final ResponseEntity handleSQLException(SQLException ex) {

logger.error("{}", ex);

return handleException(CustomEnum.FAILURE_DB.getCode(), ex.getMessage(), null);

}

/**

* 处理ConstraintViolationException

*

* @param ex 异常

* @return 异常处理结果

*/

@ExceptionHandler(value = {ConstraintViolationException.class})

protected final ResponseEntity handleConstraintViolationException(ConstraintViolationException ex) {

logger.error("{}", ex);

String message = ex.getMessage();

if (ex.getConstraintViolations() != null && !ex.getConstraintViolations().isEmpty()) {

message = ex.getConstraintViolations().stream().findFirst().isPresent()

? ex.getConstraintViolations().stream().findFirst().get().getMessage() : null;

}

return handleException(CustomEnum.FAILURE_VALIDATION.getCode(), message, null);

}

/**

* 处理MorphedException

*

* @param ex 异常

* @return 异常处理结果

*/

@ExceptionHandler(value = {CustomException.class})

protected final ResponseEntity handleMorphedException(CustomException ex) {

logger.info("{}", ex);

return handleException(ex.getCode(), ex.getMessage(),ex.getData());

}

/**

* 处理RuntimeException

*

* @param ex 异常

* @return 异常处理结果

*/

@ExceptionHandler(value = {RuntimeException.class})

protected final ResponseEntity handleRuntimeException(RuntimeException ex) {

logger.error("{}", ex);

return handleException(CustomEnum.FAILURE_UNKNOWN.getCode(), ex.getMessage(), null);

}

}

3.封装成一个组件，可以打成jar包，供多个项目使用,那么可以自定义一个注解，然后在启动类上加上这个注解，即可使用。下面是一个简单的demo

/**

* @author zhuwenwen

* @date 2018/8/17 11:02

*/

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

@Import(CustomExceptionHandler.class)

@Documented

public @interface EnableCustomException {

/**

* 是否开启

* @return

*/

boolean enabled() default true;

}

/**

* @author zhuwenwen

* @date 2018/8/17 14:47

*/

public class CustomImportBeanDefination implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {

@Override

public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry beanDefinitionRegistry) {

//是否含有@EnableCustomException注解

if (annotationMetadata.isAnnotated(EnableCustomException.class.getName())){

//获取该注解上面的所有属性，然后封装成一个map

MultiValueMap attributes = annotationMetadata.getAllAnnotationAttributes(EnableCustomException.class.getName());

if(attributes.get(EnableCustomExceptionCode.ENABLED).equals(Boolean.TRUE)){

BeanDefinitionBuilder beanDefinitionBuilder = BeanDefinitionBuilder.rootBeanDefinition(CustomExceptionHandler.class);

beanDefinitionRegistry.registerBeanDefinition(CustomExceptionHandler.class.getName(),beanDefinitionBuilder.getBeanDefinition());

}

}

}

}