python中uppercase,python如何大写字符串中的某些字符

Here is what I want to do but doesn't work:

mystring = "hello world"

toUpper = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y']

array = list(mystring)

for c in array:

if c in toUpper:

c = c.upper()

print(array)

"e" and "o" are not uppercase in my array.

解决方案

You can use the str.translate() method to have Python replace characters by other characters in one step.

Use the string.maketrans() function to map lowercase characters to their uppercase targets:

try:

# Python 2

from string import maketrans

except ImportError:

# Python 3 made maketrans a static method

maketrans = str.maketrans

vowels = 'aeiouy'

upper_map = maketrans(vowels, vowels.upper())

mystring.translate(upper_map)

This is the faster and more 'correct' way to replace certain characters in a string; you can always turn the result of mystring.translate() into a list but I strongly suspect you wanted to end up with a string in the first place.

Demo:

>>> try:

... # Python 2

... from string import maketrans

... except ImportError:

... # Python 3 made maketrans a static method

... maketrans = str.maketrans

...

>>> vowels = 'aeiouy'

>>> upper_map = maketrans(vowels, vowels.upper())

>>> mystring = "hello world"

>>> mystring.translate(upper_map)

'hEllO wOrld'