常用的收敛级数整理_数学分析原理【知识点整理】【分部求和法、绝对收敛、级数的加法和乘法、级数的重排】...

Summation By Parts [分部求和法/阿贝尔变换]

Theorem  [分部求和法/阿贝尔变换] (3.41)

Given two sequence , , put

if ; put . Then, if , we have

Note. 分部求和公式被用来证明积分第二中值定理。可写作：

或更对称的形式：

Proof.

This formula is called partial summation formula, is useful in the investigation of series of the form , particularly when is monotonic.

Theorem [比较判别法] (3.42)

Suppose

(a) the partial sums of form a bounded sequence;

(b) ;

(c) .

Then converges.

Proof. Since were bounded, Choose such that for all . Given , there is an integer such that . For , we have

Converges now follows from the Cauchy criterion. We note that the first inequality in the above chain depends of course on the fact that .

Theorem [莱布尼茨判别法] (3.43)

Suppose

(a) ;

(b) , , ;

(c) .</