Java程序访问数据库:
1、获取数据库厂商提供的驱动(jdbc接口的实现类)
如ojdbc14.jar——Oracle数据库驱动jar包
mysql-connector-java-5.1.8-bin.jar——MySQL数据库驱动jar包
自己去网上下载就行。
2、使用JDBC的API访问数据库
连接、SQL语句执行、结果
java.sql.Driver:各个数据库厂商需要实现该接口,驱动的标记
java.sql.Connection:封装和数据库的连接
java.sql.Statement:封装需要执行的SQL语句
java.sql.ResultSet:封装查询的结果集
3、JDBC编程步骤
step1——加载驱动
step2——获取连接对象
step3——执行SQL语句
step4——处理结果集
step5——关闭资源
4、下面给出连接数据库的工具类(自己写的连接MySql数据库,如要连接Oeacle可修改对应参数)
package com.day03;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.sql.Statement;import java.util.Properties;//加入Java开发交流君样:756584822一起吹水聊天public class ConnectionUtils { // 线程单例
private static ThreadLocal tl = new ThreadLocal(); private static String url; private static String driver; private static String username; private static String password;//加入Java开发交流君样:756584822一起吹水聊天
static {
Properties props = new Properties(); try { // 从属性文件中读取数据库配置信息,以加载类的方式加载配置文件
props.load(
ConnectionUtils.class.getClassLoader()
.getResourceAsStream("com/day03/db_mysql.properties"));
} catch (IOException e) {
} if (props != null) {
url = props.getProperty("url");
driver = props.getProperty("driver");
username = props.getProperty("username");
password = props.getProperty("password"); // 装载并注册数据库驱动
try {
Class.forName(driver);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}//加入Java开发交流君样:756584822一起吹水聊天
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
Connection con = tl.get(); if (con == null) {
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
tl.set(con);
} return con;
} public static void closeConnection() {
Connection con = tl.get(); try { if (con != null) {
con.close();
tl.set(null);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} public static void closeStatement(Statement stmt) { try { if (stmt != null) {
stmt.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} public static void closeResultSet(ResultSet rs) { try { if (rs != null) {
rs.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void closeAll(Statement stmt, ResultSet rs){
closeConnection();
closeStatement(stmt);
closeResultSet(rs);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
System.out.println(ConnectionUtils.getConnection());
}
}
5、配置参数文件db_mysql.properties
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testusername=root
password=root
6、Dao模式操作数据库下面是代码示例
1)Emp.java
//实体类public class Emp { private int id; private String name; private double salary; public int getId() { return id;
} @Override
public String toString() { return "Emp [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
}//加入Java开发交流君样:756584822一起吹水聊天
public void setId(int id) { this.id = id;
} public String getName() { return name;
} public void setName(String name) { this.name = name;
} public double getSalary() { return salary;
} public void setSalary(double salary) { this.salary = salary;
} public Emp(int id, String name, double salary) { super(); this.id = id; this.name = name; this.salary = salary;
} public Emp() { super();
} public Emp(String name, double salary) { super(); this.name = name; this.salary = salary;
}
}
2)Dao接口类
import java.util.List;public interface EmpDao { List findAllEmp() throws Exception;
}
3)工厂类
public class EmpDaoFactory {
// 读取文件中实现类的类名,通过反射实例化
public static EmpDao getEmpDao(){ return new EmpDaoMySQL();
}
}
4)Dao接口实现类
public class EmpDaoMySQL implements EmpDao{ public static final String FIND_ALL_EMP = "select * from t_emp";//查询语句
public List findAllEmp() throws Exception{
List empList = new ArrayList();
Connection conn = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();
PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(FIND_ALL_EMP);
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(); while(rs.next()){ int id = rs.getInt(1);
String name = rs.getString(2); double salary = rs.getDouble(3);
Emp emp = new Emp(id, name, salary);
empList.add(emp);
}//加入Java开发交流君样:756584822一起吹水聊天
ConnectionUtils.closeAll(stmt, rs); return empList;
}
}
5)测试类
public class EmpBiz { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
EmpDao dao = EmpDaoFactory.getEmpDao();
List empList = dao.findAllEmp(); for(Emp e : empList){
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
文章来源: blog.51cto.com,作者:wx5fe19dfdba662,版权归原作者所有,如需转载,请联系作者。
原文链接:blog.51cto.com/15064711/2570225