mysql replication 原理_MySQL：Replication 实现原理

之前介绍了主从搭建，具体参考 MySQL：主从复制(Replication)搭建 ，接下来简单介绍 MySQL 主从复制原理。

MySQL 主从复制基于 binary log，这个文件类似于 Oracle 的 redo 和 PostgreSQL WAL 日志文件，用来记录数据库的变化( update, insert, delete 等)，但 SELECT 一般不记录到日志里。

MySQL 主从复制的三个线程Binlog dump thread

这个线程位于主节点上，用来发送变化的 binary log 到备节点。

Slave I/O thread

这个线程位于备节点上， 作用是与主节点保持连接，并且接收主节点发送过来的变化的 binary log 到本地。

Slave SQL thread

这个线程位于备节点，作用是读取备节点的 relay log 并且在备节点上重做日志里的事件。

主节点查看: Binlog dump thread1

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11root@localhost:francs>show processlistG

* 2. row *

Id: 1493

User: rep1

Host: db2:20976

db: NULL

Command: Binlog Dump

Time: 1491

State: Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated

Info: NULL

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

备节点查看: Slave I/O thread 和 Slave SQL thread1

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57root@localhost:francs>show slave statusG

* 1. row *

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.2.37

Master_User: rep1

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: bin-log.000038

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 604

Relay_Log_File: db2-relay-bin.000054

Relay_Log_Pos: 281

Relay_Master_Log_File: bin-log.000038

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 604

Relay_Log_Space: 855

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1

Master_UUID: 0c130d47-22bb-11e4-aaaa-000c2986ac80

Master_Info_File: /database/mysql/data/master.info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind:

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Retrieved_Gtid_Set:

Executed_Gtid_Set:

Auto_Position: 0

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

备注： 查看 Slave_IO_Running: Yes 和 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 两项, yes 表示线程正常。Slave_IO_State 表示 I/O THREAD 状态，详细信息参考 Replication Slave I/O Thread States, Slave_SQL_Running_State 表示 SQL thread 状态，详细信息参考 Replication Slave SQL Thread States。

备节点的 I/O, SQL 两个线程也通过 show processlist 查看

root@localhost:francs>show processlistG

* 2. row *

Id: 7

User: system user

Host:

db: NULL

Command: Connect

Time: 2055

State: Waiting for master to send event

Info: NULL

* 3. row *

Id: 8

User: system user

Host:

db: NULL

Command: Connect

Time: 2038

State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it

Info: NULL

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

四 参考