php mysql索引最左原则_联合索引有一个最左前缀原则，具体是什么？

对,从Explain种的key字段可以看到使用了联合索引.但是还是有点区别的.我根据你的示例建了一个表.

CREATE TABLE `t1` (

`test_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`name` varchar(10) NOT NULL,

`age` int(11) NOT NULL,,

KEY `idx_id_name_age` (`test_id`,`name`,`age`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

执行explain select * from t1 where test_id = 2 and age = 2结果

+----+-------------+-------+------+-----------------+-----------------+---------+-------+------+-------------+

| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |

+----+-------------+-------+------+-----------------+-----------------+---------+-------+------+-------------+

| 1 | SIMPLE | t1 | ref | idx_id_name_age | idx_id_name_age | 4 | const | 1 | Using where |

+----+-------------+-------+------+-----------------+-----------------+---------+-------+------+-------------+

执行explain select * from t1 where test_id = 2 and name='xxxxx';的结果

+----+-------------+-------+------+-----------------+-----------------+---------+-------------+------+-------------+

| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |

+----+-------------+-------+------+-----------------+-----------------+---------+-------------+------+-------------+

| 1 | SIMPLE | t1 | ref | idx_id_name_age | idx_id_name_age | 16 | const,const | 1 | Using where |

+----+-------------+-------+------+-----------------+-----------------+---------+-------------+------+-------------+

虽然key字段都是idx_id_name_age,但是在key_len字段第一个为4,但是第二个为16,说明第一个只使用了id作为索引,并没有使用联合索引.第二个字段才使用了联合索引.

也就是说idx_id_name_age(id,name,age)实际上只有三个索引,不包含(nam,age)索引.