linux res shr区别,linux下VIRT,RES,SHR的含义

1、除了自身进程的共享内存,也包括其他进程的共享内存

2、虽然进程只使用了几个共享库的函数,但它包含了整个共享库的大小

3、计算某个进程所占的物理内存大小公式:RES – SHR

4、swap out后,它将会降下来

Unix/Linux 进程管理相关命令介绍

进程是操作系统用于控制系统资源使用的实体。Unix/Linux 进程管理相关的命令主要有以下几个,在后面的脚本实现中会用到部分命令。

显示进程属性命令

ps 命令:该命令是最基本同时也是非常强大的进程查看命令,用于报告进程标识、用户、CPU 时间消耗以及其他属性。利用它可以确定有哪些进程正在运行及运行的状态、进程是否结束、进程有没有僵死、哪些进程占用了过多的资源等。ps 命令可以监控后台进程的工作情况,因为后台进程是不和屏幕键盘这些标准输入 / 输出设备进行通信的,如果需要检测其情况,可以使用 ps 命令。

单独使用 ps 命令所看到的进程列表,都是在前台执行的进程,但并非所有进程都在前台执行,也有不少进程隐藏在后台执行。使用命令 ps -e 可以显示所有进程。

进程性能检测命令

top 命令:Linux 使用 top 命令来显示 CPU 占用率为前几位的进程。该命令可以按 CPU 使用率、内存使用率、执行时间对任务进行排序,而且该命令的很多特性都可以通过交互式命令或者在个人定制文件中进行设定。top 主要字段的含义如下:

表 1. top 字段含义

列名

含义

PID

进程 ID

USER

进程所有者的用户名

PR

任务优先级

NI

nice 值。数值越小表示优先级越高,数值越大表示优先级越低

VIRT

进程使用的虚拟内存总量,单位:kb。VIRT=SWAP+RES

RES

进程使用的、未被换出的物理内存大小,单位:kb。RES=CODE+DATA

SHR

共享内存大小,单位:kb

S

进程状态。

D= 不可中断的睡眠状态

R= 运行

S= 睡眠

T= 跟踪 / 停止

Z= 僵尸进程

%CPU

上次更新到现在的 CPU 时间占用百分比

TIME+

进程使用的 CPU 时间总计,精确到 1/100 秒

COMMAND

命令名 / 命令行

topas 命令:AIX 使用 topas 命令在字符终端上报告有关本地系统上的活动的至关重要的统计信息,包括显示 CPU 占用率为前几位的进程。topas 命令以缺省的两秒间隔从系统中提取并显示统计信息。通过命令 topas -P 可以进入 topas 的 process 子部分,显示活动进程的列表。各进程将按它们在监视间隔期间的 CPU 使用率进行排序。topas 针对每个进程所显示的字段含义如下:

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unit dmdes; {*********************************************************} {* DELPHI、PHP、C#通用DES编码解码单元 *} {* 由TurboPower LockBox部分代码改写 *} {* 滕州市东鸣软件工作室制作 ZWF 2011-12-27 *} {*********************************************************} {EncryDes为编码函数,DecryDes为解码函数,keystr为密码,ivstr为偏移量, 一般设置keystr,ivstr相同,内容为八位字节长度的字符串,编码结果为十六进制字串} interface uses Windows,SysUtils; type PKey64 = ^TKey64; TKey64 = array [0..7] of Byte; type TDESBlock = array[0..7] of Byte; TDESContext = packed record TransformedKey : array [0..31] of LongInt; Encrypt : Boolean; end; function EncryDes(const str:string;const keystr:string;const ivstr:string):string ; function DecryDes(const str:string;const keystr:string;const ivstr:string):string ; implementation procedure XorMemPrim(var Mem1; const Mem2; Count : Cardinal); register; asm push esi push edi mov esi, eax //esi = Mem1 mov edi, edx //edi = Mem2 push ecx //save byte count shr ecx, 2 //convert to dwords jz @Continue cld @Loop1: //xor dwords at a time mov eax, [edi] xor [esi], eax add esi, 4 add edi, 4 dec ecx jnz @Loop1 @Continue: //handle remaining bytes (3 or less) pop ecx and ecx, 3 jz @Done @Loop2: //xor remaining bytes mov al, [edi] xor [esi], al inc esi inc edi dec ecx jnz @Loop2 @Done: pop edi pop esi end; { -------------------------------------------------------------------------- } procedure XorMem(var Mem1; const Mem2; Count : Cardinal); begin XorMemPrim(Mem1, Mem2, Count); end; { -------------------------------------------------------------------------- } procedure EncryptDES(const Context : TDESContext; var Block : TDESBlock); const SPBox : array [0..7, 0..63] of DWord = (($01010400, $00000000, $00010000, $01010404, $01010004, $00010404, $00000004, $00010000, $00000400, $01010400, $01010404, $00000400, $01000404, $01010004, $01000000, $00000004, $00000404, $01000400, $01000400, $00010400, $00010400, $01010000, $01010000, $01000404, $00010004, $01000004, $01000004, $00010004, $00000000, $00000404, $00010404, $01000000, $00010000, $01010404, $00000004, $01010000, $01010400, $01000000, $01000000, $00000400, $01010004, $00010000, $00010400, $01000004, $00000400, $00000004, $01000404, $00010404, $01010404, $00010004, $01010000, $01000404, $01000004, $00000404, $00010404, $01010400, $00000404, $01000400, $01000400, $00000000, $00010004, $00010400, $00000000, $01010004), ($80108020, $80008000, $00008000, $00108020, $00100000, $00000020, $80100020, $80008020, $80000020, $80108020, $80108000, $80000000, $80008000, $00100000, $00000020, $80100020, $00108000, $00100020, $80008020, $00000000, $80000000, $00008000, $00108020, $80100000, $00100020, $80000020, $00000000, $00108000, $00008020, $80108000, $80100000, $00008020, $00000000, $00108020, $80100020, $00100000, $80008020, $80100000, $80108000, $00008000, $80100000, $80008000, $00000020, $80108020, $00108020, $00000020, $00008000, $80000000, $00008020, $80108000, $00100000, $80000020, $00100020, $80008020, $80000020, $00100020, $00108000, $00000000, $80008000, $00008020, $80000000, $80100020, $80108020, $00108000), ($00000208, $08020200, $00000000, $08020008, $08000200, $00000000, $00020208, $08000200, $00020008, $08000008, $08000008, $00020000, $08020208, $00020008, $08020000, $00000208, $08000000, $00000008, $08020200, $00000200, $00020200, $08020000, $08020008, $00020208, $08000208, $00020200, $00020000, $08000208, $00000008, $08020208, $00000200, $08000000, $08020200, $08000000, $00020008, $00000208, $00020000, $08020200, $08000200, $00000000, $00000200, $00020008, $08020208, $08000200, $08000008, $00000200, $00000000, $08020008, $08000208, $00020000, $08000000, $08020208, $00000008, $00020208, $00020200, $08000008, $08020000, $08000208, $00000208, $08020000, $00020208, $00000008, $08020008, $00020200), ($00802001, $00002081, $00002081, $00000080, $00802080, $00800081, $00800001, $00002001, $00000000, $00802000, $00802000, $00802081, $00000081, $00000000, $00800080, $00800001, $00000001, $00002000, $00800000, $00802001, $00000080, $00800000, $00002001, $00002080, $00800081, $00000001, $00002080, $00800080, $00002000, $00802080, $00802081, $00000081, $00800080, $00800001, $00802000, $00802081, $00000081, $00000000, $00000000, $00802000, $00002080, $00800080, $00800081, $00000001, $00802001, $00002081, $00002081, $00000080, $00802081, $00000081, $00000001, $00002000, $00800001, $00002001, $00802080, $00800081, $00002001, $00002080, $00800000, $00802001, $00000080, $00800000, $00002000, $00802080), ($00000100, $02080100, $02080000, $42000100, $00080000, $00000100, $40000000, $02080000, $40080100, $00080000, $02000100, $40080100, $42000100, $42080000, $00080100, $40000000, $02000000, $40080000, $40080000, $00000000, $40000100, $42080100, $42080100, $02000100, $42080000, $40000100, $00000000, $42000000, $02080100, $02000000, $42000000, $00080100, $00080000, $42000100, $00000100, $02000000, $40000000, $02080000, $42000100, $40080100, $02000100, $40000000, $42080000, $02080100, $40080100, $00000100, $02000000, $42080000, $42080100, $00080100, $42000000, $42080100, $02080000, $00000000, $40080000, $42000000, $00080100, $02000100, $40000100, $00080000, $00000000, $40080000, $02080100, $40000100), ($20000010, $20400000, $00004000, $20404010, $20400000, $00000010, $20404010, $00400000, $20004000, $00404010, $00400000, $20000010, $00400010, $20004000, $20000000, $00004010, $00000000, $00400010, $20004010, $00004000, $00404000, $20004010, $00000010, $20400010, $20400010, $00000000, $00404010, $20404000, $00004010, $00404000, $20404000, $20000000, $20004000, $00000010, $20400010, $00404000, $20404010, $00400000, $00004010, $20000010, $00400000, $20004000, $20000000, $00004010, $20000010, $20404010, $00404000, $20400000, $00404010, $20404000, $00000000, $20400010, $00000010, $00004000, $20400000, $00404010, $00004000, $00400010, $20004010, $00000000, $20404000, $20000000, $00400010, $20004010), ($00200000, $04200002, $04000802, $00000000, $00000800, $04000802, $00200802, $04200800, $04200802, $00200000, $00000000, $04000002, $00000002, $04000000, $04200002, $00000802, $04000800, $00200802, $00200002, $04000800, $04000002, $04200000, $04200800, $00200002, $04200000, $00000800, $00000802, $04200802, $00200800, $00000002, $04000000, $00200800, $04000000, $00200800, $00200000, $04000802, $04000802, $04200002, $04200002, $00000002, $00200002, $04000000, $04000800, $00200000, $04200800, $00000802, $00200802, $04200800, $00000802, $04000002, $04200802, $04200000, $00200800, $00000000, $00000002, $04200802, $00000000, $00200802, $04200000, $00000800, $04000002, $04000800, $00000800, $00200002), ($10001040, $00001000, $00040000, $10041040, $10000000, $10001040, $00000040, $10000000, $00040040, $10040000, $10041040, $00041000, $10041000, $00041040, $00001000, $00000040, $10040000, $10000040, $10001000, $00001040, $00041000, $00040040, $10040040, $10041000, $00001040, $00000000, $00000000, $10040040, $10000040, $10001000, $00041040, $00040000, $00041040, $00040000, $10041000, $00001000, $00000040, $10040040, $00001000, $00041040, $10001000, $00000040, $10000040, $10040000, $10040040, $10000000, $00040000, $10001040, $00000000, $10041040, $00040040, $10000040, $10040000, $10001000, $10001040, $00000000, $10041040, $00041000, $00041000, $00001040, $00001040, $00040040, $10000000, $10041000)); var I, L, R, Work : DWord; CPtr : PDWord; procedure SplitBlock(const Block : TDESBlock; var L, R : DWord); register; asm push ebx push eax mov eax, [eax] mov bh, al mov bl, ah rol ebx, 16 shr eax, 16 mov bh, al mov bl, ah mov [edx], ebx pop eax mov eax, [eax+4] mov bh, al mov bl, ah rol ebx, 16 shr eax, 16 mov bh, al mov bl, ah mov [ecx], ebx pop ebx end; procedure JoinBlock(const L, R : LongInt; var Block : TDESBlock); register; asm push ebx mov bh, al mov bl, ah rol ebx, 16 shr eax, 16 mov bh, al mov bl, ah mov [ecx+4], ebx mov bh, dl mov bl, dh rol ebx, 16 shr edx, 16 mov bh, dl mov bl, dh mov [ecx], ebx pop ebx end; procedure IPerm(var L, R : DWord); var Work : DWord; begin Work := ((L shr 4) xor R) and $0F0F0F0F; R := R xor Work; L := L xor Work shl 4; Work := ((L shr 16) xor R) and $0000FFFF; R := R xor Work; L := L xor Work shl 16; Work := ((R shr 2) xor L) and $33333333; L := L xor Work; R := R xor Work shl 2; Work := ((R shr 8) xor L) and $00FF00FF; L := L xor Work; R := R xor Work shl 8; R := (R shl 1) or (R shr 31); Work := (L xor R) and $AAAAAAAA; L := L xor Work; R := R xor Work; L := (L shl 1) or (L shr 31); end; procedure FPerm(var L, R : DWord); var Work : DWord; begin L := L; R := (R shl 31) or (R shr 1); Work := (L xor R) and $AAAAAAAA; L := L xor Work; R := R xor Work; L := (L shr 1) or (L shl 31); Work := ((L shr 8) xor R) and $00FF00FF; R := R xor Work; L := L xor Work shl 8; Work := ((L shr 2) xor R) and $33333333; R := R xor Work; L := L xor Work shl 2; Work := ((R shr 16) xor L) and $0000FFFF; L := L xor Work; R := R xor Work shl 16; Work := ((R shr 4) xor L) and $0F0F0F0F; L := L xor Work; R := R xor Work shl 4; end; begin SplitBlock(Block, L, R); IPerm(L, R); CPtr := @Context; for I := 0 to 7 do begin Work := (((R shr 4) or (R shl 28)) xor CPtr^); Inc(CPtr); L := L xor SPBox[6, Work and $3F]; L := L xor SPBox[4, Work shr 8 and $3F]; L := L xor SPBox[2, Work shr 16 and $3F]; L := L xor SPBox[0, Work shr 24 and $3F]; Work := (R xor CPtr^); Inc(CPtr); L := L xor SPBox[7, Work and $3F]; L := L xor SPBox[5, Work shr 8 and $3F]; L := L xor SPBox[3, Work shr 16 and $3F]; L := L xor SPBox[1, Work shr 24 and $3F]; Work := (((L shr 4) or (L shl 28)) xor CPtr^); Inc(CPtr); R := R xor SPBox[6, Work and $3F]; R := R xor SPBox[4, Work shr 8 and $3F]; R := R xor SPBox[2, Work shr 16 and $3F]; R := R xor SPBox[0, Work shr 24 and $3F]; Work := (L xor CPtr^); Inc(CPtr); R := R xor SPBox[7, Work and $3F]; R := R xor SPBox[5, Work shr 8 and $3F]; R := R xor SPBox[3, Work shr 16 and $3F]; R := R xor SPBox[1, Work shr 24 and $3F]; end; FPerm(L, R); JoinBlock(L, R, Block); end; procedure InitEncryptDES(const Key : TKey64; var Context : TDESContext; Encrypt : Boolean); const PC1 : array [0..55] of Byte = (56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8, 0, 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4, 27, 19, 11, 3); PC2 : array [0..47] of Byte = (13, 16, 10, 23, 0, 4, 2, 27, 14, 5, 20, 9, 22, 18, 11, 3, 25, 7, 15, 6, 26, 19, 12, 1, 40, 51, 30, 36, 46, 54, 29, 39, 50, 44, 32, 47, 43, 48, 38, 55, 33, 52, 45, 41, 49, 35, 28, 31); CTotRot : array [0..15] of Byte = (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 28); CBitMask : array [0..7] of Byte = (128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1); var PC1M : array [0..55] of Byte; PC1R : array [0..55] of Byte; KS : array [0..7] of Byte; I, J, L, M : LongInt; begin {convert PC1 to bits of key} for J := 0 to 55 do begin L := PC1[J]; M := L mod 8; PC1M[J] := Ord((Key[L div 8] and CBitMask[M]) 0); end; {key chunk for each iteration} for I := 0 to 15 do begin {rotate PC1 the right amount} for J := 0 to 27 do begin L := J + CTotRot[I]; if (L (length(keystr)-1) then key[i] :=0 else key[i] := byte(keystr[i+1]); end; for i:=0 to 15 do begin if i > (length(ivstr)-1) then iv[i]:=0 else iv[i] := byte(ivstr[i+1]); end; InitEncryptDES(Key, Context, true); len := length(AnsiString(str)); xx:= char( 8- (len mod 8)); for i:=0 to round(len/8) do begin for j:=0 to 7 do begin if ((i*7+j+1) (length(keystr)-1) then key[i] :=0 else key[i] := byte(keystr[i+1]); end; for i:=0 to 15 do begin if i > (length(ivstr)-1) then iv[i]:=0 else iv[i] := byte(ivstr[i+1]); end; InitEncryptDES(Key, Context, false); res:=''; for j:= 0 to (length(str) div 2)-1 do begin lss:=copy(str,j*2+1,2); res:=res+ char(StrToInt('$'+lss)) ; end; len := length(AnsiString(res)); for i:=0 to round(len/8)-1 do begin for j:=0 to 7 do begin if ((i*7+j+1)<=len) then begin poschar:=res[i*8+j+1]; block[j]:=byte(poschar); end else begin block[j]:=byte(xx); end; end; bak:=block; EncryptDESCBC(Context, IV, Block); for j:= 0 to 7 do begin result := result + char(block[j]); end; iv:=bak; end; end; end.

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