java.text.normalizer,Normalizer.html

Normalizer (Java Platform SE 7 )

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java.text

Class Normalizer

• java.lang.Object
• • java.text.Normalizer

• ---

  public final class Normalizer

  extends Object

  This class provides the method normalize which transforms Unicode

  text into an equivalent composed or decomposed form, allowing for easier

  sorting and searching of text.

  The normalize method supports the standard normalization forms

  described in

  Unicode Standard Annex #15 — Unicode Normalization Forms.

  Characters with accents or other adornments can be encoded in

  several different ways in Unicode. For example, take the character A-acute.

  In Unicode, this can be encoded as a single character (the "composed" form):

  U+00C1 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH ACUTE

  or as two separate characters (the "decomposed" form):

  U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A

  U+0301 COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT

  To a user of your program, however, both of these sequences should be

  treated as the same "user-level" character "A with acute accent". When you

  are searching or comparing text, you must ensure that these two sequences are

  treated as equivalent. In addition, you must handle characters with more than

  one accent. Sometimes the order of a character's combining accents is

  significant, while in other cases accent sequences in different orders are

  really equivalent.

  Similarly, the string "ffi" can be encoded as three separate letters:

  U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F

  U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F

  U+0069 LATIN SMALL LETTER I

  or as the single character

  U+FB03 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FFI

  The ffi ligature is not a distinct semantic character, and strictly speaking

  it shouldn't be in Unicode at all, but it was included for compatibility

  with existing character sets that already provided it. The Unicode standard

  identifies such characters by giving them "compatibility" decompositions

  into the corresponding semantic characters. When sorting and searching, you

  will often want to use these mappings.

  The normalize method helps solve these problems by transforming

  text into the canonical composed and decomposed forms as shown in the first

  example above. In addition, you can have it perform compatibility

  decompositions so that you can treat compatibility characters the same as

  their equivalents.

  Finally, the normalize method rearranges accents into the

  proper canonical order, so that you do not have to worry about accent

  rearrangement on your own.

  The W3C generally recommends to exchange texts in NFC.

  Note also that most legacy character encodings use only precomposed forms and

  often do not encode any combining marks by themselves. For conversion to such

  character encodings the Unicode text needs to be normalized to NFC.

  For more usage examples, see the Unicode Standard Annex.

  Since:

  1.6

• • Nested Class Summary

    Nested Classes  

    Modifier and Type	Class and Description
    static class	Normalizer.Form This enum provides constants of the four Unicode normalization forms that are described in Unicode Standard Annex #15 — Unicode Normalization Forms and two methods to access them.

  • Method Summary

    Methods  

    Modifier and Type	Method and Description
    static boolean	isNormalized(CharSequence src, Normalizer.Form form) Determines if the given sequence of char values is normalized.
    static String	normalize(CharSequence src, Normalizer.Form form) Normalize a sequence of char values.

    • Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

      clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

• • Method Detail

    • normalize

      public static String normalize(CharSequence src,

      Normalizer.Form form)

      Normalize a sequence of char values.

      The sequence will be normalized according to the specified normalization

      from.

      Parameters:

      src - The sequence of char values to normalize.

      form - The normalization form; one of

      Normalizer.Form.NFC,

      Normalizer.Form.NFD,

      Normalizer.Form.NFKC,

      Normalizer.Form.NFKD

      Returns:

      The normalized String

      Throws:

      NullPointerException - If src or form

      is null.

    • isNormalized

      public static boolean isNormalized(CharSequence src,

      Normalizer.Form form)

      Determines if the given sequence of char values is normalized.

      Parameters:

      src - The sequence of char values to be checked.

      form - The normalization form; one of

      Normalizer.Form.NFC,

      Normalizer.Form.NFD,

      Normalizer.Form.NFKC,

      Normalizer.Form.NFKD

      Returns:

      true if the sequence of char values is normalized;

      false otherwise.

      Throws:

      NullPointerException - If src or form

      is null.

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For further API reference and developer documentation, see Java SE Documentation. That documentation contains more detailed, developer-targeted descriptions, with conceptual overviews, definitions of terms, workarounds, and working code examples.Copyright © 1993, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

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