在Java 7的官方发行版中,支持命名捕获组的构造是:(?capturing text) 定义命名组“名称”
\k 反向引用命名组“名称”
${name} 在Matcher的替换字符串中引用捕获的组
Java 7之前的其他替代方案是:
(原始答案:2009年1月,现在已经破了下两个链接)
您不能引用命名组,除非您编写自己的Regex版本...
(有限的实现,正如tchrist再次指出的那样,因为它只查找ASCII标识符.tchrist将限制详述为:只能在每个相同的名称上有一个命名组(您不能总是控制它!)并且不能将它们用于正则表达式递归。
注意:您可以在Perl和PCRE正则表达式中找到真正的正则表达式递归示例,如Regexp Power,PCRE规范和带平衡括号的匹配字符串幻灯片中所述)
例:
串:"TEST 123"
正则表达式:"(?\\w+) (?\\d+)"
访问matcher.group(1) ==> TEST
matcher.group("login") ==> TEST
matcher.name(1) ==> login
更换matcher.replaceAll("aaaaa_$1_sssss_$2____") ==> aaaaa_TEST_sssss_123____
matcher.replaceAll("aaaaa_${login}_sssss_${id}____") ==> aaaaa_TEST_sssss_123____
(从实现中提取)public final class Pattern
implements java.io.Serializable{[...]
/**
* Parses a group and returns the head node of a set of nodes that process
* the group. Sometimes a double return system is used where the tail is
* returned in root.
*/
private Node group0() {
boolean capturingGroup = false;
Node head = null;
Node tail = null;
int save = flags;
root = null;
int ch = next();
if (ch == '?') {
ch = skip();
switch (ch) {
case '
ch = read();
int start = cursor;[...]
// test forGroupName
int startChar = ch;
while(ASCII.isWord(ch) && ch != '>') ch=read();
if(ch == '>'){
// valid group name
int len = cursor-start;
int[] newtemp = new int[2*(len) + 2];
//System.arraycopy(temp, start, newtemp, 0, len);
StringBuilder name = new StringBuilder();
for(int i = start; i
name.append((char)temp[i-1]);
}
// create Named group
head = createGroup(false);
((GroupTail)root).name = name.toString();
capturingGroup = true;
tail = root;
head.next = expr(tail);
break;
}