c语言readline库6,GNU Readline Library编译及简单分析

GNU Readline 是一个开源的程序库，可以实现交互式的文本编辑功能。这里简单的笔记下如何编译和使用它。

CONTENTS

编译：

作者编译使用的linux版本是Ubuntu14.04×64版本。

首先从官网上下载下来压缩文件。这里作者下载的版本是readline-6.3.tar.gz。

根据INSTALL文件的介绍，输入命令如下：

cstriker1407@ubuntu1404x64:~$ tar -zxf readline-6.3.tar.gz  #解压缩tar包

cstriker1407@ubuntu1404x64:~$ cd readline-6.3/

cstriker1407@ubuntu1404x64:~/readline-6.3$ ./configure #生成头文件

cstriker1407@ubuntu1404x64:~/readline-6.3$ make everything  #编译所有文件

cstriker1407@ubuntu1404x64:~/readline-6.3$ sudo make install #使用root权限，将编译好的库拷贝到系统中。

如果过程中出现了错误

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -ltermcap

可以安装一个软件，命令如下：

cstriker1407@ubuntu1404x64:~/readline-6.3$ sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

使用：

压缩包中附带了很多例子，这里看一个最简单的：

cstriker1407@ubuntu1404x64:~/readline-6.3$ cd examples/

cstriker1407@ubuntu1404x64:~/readline-6.3/examples$ ls

autoconf hist_erasedups histexamp.o Makefile rl.c rlcat.c rlfe rltest.c rlwrap-0.30.tar.gz

excallback.c hist_erasedups.c hist_purgecmd Makefile.in rl-callbacktest rlcat.o rl-fgets.c rltest.o

fileman hist_erasedups.o hist_purgecmd.c manexamp.c rl-callbacktest.c rlevent rl.o rlversion

fileman.c histexamp hist_purgecmd.o readlinebuf.h rl-callbacktest.o rlevent.c rlptytest.c rlversion.c

fileman.o histexamp.c Inputrc rl rlcat rlevent.o rltest rlversion.o

cstriker1407@ubuntu1404x64:~/readline-6.3/examples$ ./rlversion

6.3

这里分析下rlversion的源码，有删改：

#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)

#include

#endif

#include

#include

#include "posixstat.h"

#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H

#include

#else

extern void exit();

#endif

#ifdef READLINE_LIBRARY

#include "readline.h"

#else

#include

#endif

main()

{

printf ("%s\n", rl_library_version ? rl_library_version : "unknown");

exit (0);

}

由于是下载的源码编译，这里宏HAVE_CONFIG_H和READLINE_LIBRARY在makefile里面被定义了。

如果是直接安装编译好的readline库，应该可以省掉。

来看下examples下面的makefile，有删改

RL_LIBRARY_VERSION = 6.3

SHELL = /bin/sh

RM = rm -f

prefix = /usr/local

exec_prefix = ${prefix}

datarootdir = ${prefix}/share

bindir = ${exec_prefix}/bin

srcdir = .

datadir = ${datarootdir}

top_srcdir = ..

#BUILD_DIR = .

BUILD_DIR = /home/cstriker1407/readline-6.3

installdir = $(datadir)/readline

INSTALL = /usr/bin/install -c

INSTALL_PROGRAM = ${INSTALL}

INSTALL_DATA = ${INSTALL} -m 644

EXEEXT =

OBJEXT = o

# Support an alternate destination root directory for package building

DESTDIR =

DEFS = -DHAVE_CONFIG_H

CC = gcc

CFLAGS = -g -O

LOCAL_CFLAGS = -DREADLINE_LIBRARY -DRL_LIBRARY_VERSION='"$(RL_LIBRARY_VERSION)"'

CPPFLAGS =

INCLUDES = -I$(srcdir) -I$(top_srcdir) -I..

CCFLAGS = $(DEFS) $(LOCAL_CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS)

LDFLAGS = -g -L.. -L./lib/termcap

PURIFY =

READLINE_LIB = ../libreadline.a

HISTORY_LIB = ../libhistory.a

TERMCAP_LIB = -ltermcap

.c.o:

${RM} $@

$(CC) $(CCFLAGS) -c $<

SOURCES = rlversion.c

EXECUTABLES = rlversion$(EXEEXT)

OBJECTS = rlversion.o

OTHEREXE = rlptytest$(EXEEXT)

OTHEROBJ = rlptytest.o

all: $(EXECUTABLES)

everything: all

check:rlversion$(EXEEXT)

@echo Readline version: `rlversion$(EXEEXT)`

installdirs:

-$(SHELL) $(top_srcdir)/support/mkdirs $(DESTDIR)$(installdir)

install:installdirs

@for f in $(SOURCES); do \

$(RM) $(DESTDIR)$(installdir)/$$f ; \

$(INSTALL_DATA) $(srcdir)/$$f $(DESTDIR)$(installdir) ; \

done

uninstall:

@for f in $(SOURCES); do \

$(RM) $(DESTDIR)$(installdir)/$$f ; \

done

-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(installdir)

rlversion$(EXEEXT): rlversion.o $(READLINE_LIB)

$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ rlversion.o $(READLINE_LIB) $(TERMCAP_LIB)

clean mostlyclean:

$(RM) $(OBJECTS) $(OTHEROBJ)

$(RM) $(EXECUTABLES) $(OTHEREXE) *.exe

distclean maintainer-clean: clean

$(RM) Makefile

rlversion.o: rlversion.c

rlversion.o: $(top_srcdir)/readline.h