如果您的Python日期时间对象是时区感知的,那么您应该小心避免DST转换周围的错误(或出于其他原因的UTC偏移的变化):
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from tzlocal import get_localzone # pip install tzlocal
DAY = timedelta(1)
local_tz = get_localzone() # get local timezone
now = datetime.now(local_tz) # get timezone-aware datetime object
day_ago = local_tz.normalize(now - DAY) # exactly 24 hours ago, time may differ
naive = now.replace(tzinfo=None) - DAY # same time
yesterday = local_tz.localize(naive, is_dst=None) # but elapsed hours may differ
通常,如果本地时区的UTC偏移量在最后一天发生了变化, day_ago 和 yesterday 可能会有所不同 .
例如,夏令时/夏令时将于2014年11月2日凌晨02:00:00结束 . 因此,在America / Los_Angeles时区:
import pytz # pip install pytz
local_tz = pytz.timezone('America/Los_Angeles')
now = local_tz.localize(datetime(2014, 11, 2, 10), is_dst=None)
# 2014-11-02 10:00:00 PST-0800
然后 day_ago 和 yesterday 不同:
day_ago 恰好是24小时前(相对于 now )但是在上午11点,而不是在上午10点 now
yesterday 是昨天上午10点,但是是25小时前(相对于 now ),而不是24小时 .
>>> import pendulum # $ pip install pendulum
>>> now = pendulum.create(2014, 11, 2, 10, tz='America/Los_Angeles')
>>> day_ago = now.subtract(hours=24) # exactly 24 hours ago
>>> yesterday = now.subtract(days=1) # yesterday at 10 am but it is 25 hours ago
>>> (now - day_ago).in_hours()
24
>>> (now - yesterday).in_hours()
25
>>> now
>>> day_ago
>>> yesterday