python字典结构_如何在Python中验证字典的结构（或架构）？

I have a dictionary with config info:

my_conf = {

'version': 1,

'info': {

'conf_one': 2.5,

'conf_two': 'foo',

'conf_three': False,

'optional_conf': 'bar'

}

}

I want to check if the dictionary follows the structure I need.

I'm looking for something like this:

conf_structure = {

'version': int,

'info': {

'conf_one': float,

'conf_two': str,

'conf_three': bool

}

}

is_ok = check_structure(conf_structure, my_conf)

Is there any solution done to this problem or any library that could make implementing check_structure more easy?

解决方案

Without using libraries, you could also define a simple recursive function like this:

def check_structure(struct, conf):

if isinstance(struct, dict) and isinstance(conf, dict):

# struct is a dict of types or other dicts

return all(k in conf and check_structure(struct[k], conf[k]) for k in struct)

if isinstance(struct, list) and isinstance(conf, list):

# struct is list in the form [type or dict]

return all(check_structure(struct[0], c) for c in conf)

elif isinstance(struct, type):

# struct is the type of conf

return isinstance(conf, struct)

else:

# struct is neither a dict, nor list, not type

return False

This assumes that the config can have keys that are not in your structure, as in your example.

Update: New version also supports lists, e.g. like 'foo': [{'bar': int}]