创建2张用户表user、user2,表结构相同,但user表使用InnoDB存储引擎,而user2表则使用 MyISAM存储引擎。
--Table "user" DDL CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id`int(11) NOT NULLAUTO_INCREMENT,
`name`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`email`varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`age`tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL,
`nickname`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY(`id`),UNIQUE KEY`email` (`email`),KEY`name` (`name`),KEY`age` (`age`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;--Table "user2" DDL CREATE TABLE`user2` (
`id`int(11) NOT NULLAUTO_INCREMENT,
`name`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`email`varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`age`tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL,
`nickname`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY(`id`),UNIQUE KEY`email` (`email`),KEY`name` (`name`),KEY`age` (`age`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=131610 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
分别插入10W条测试数据到表user & user2。
'@sina.com.cn',
'@163.com',
'@126.com',
'@gmail.com',
'@yahoo.com',
'@live.com',
'@msn.com',
'@cisco.com',
'@microsoft.com',
'@ibm.com',
'@apple.com');$con = mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "your_mysql_password");mysql_select_db("index_test", $con);//添加10W测试数据到表 user & user2 for($i=0; $i<100000; $i++)
{$temp = md5(uniqid());$name = substr($temp, 0, 16);$email = substr($temp, 8, 12).$example[array_rand($example, 1)];$age = rand(18, 99);$nickname = substr($temp, 16, 16);mysql_query("INSERT INTO user(name,email,age,nickname) VALUES('$name','$email',$age,'$nickname')");mysql_query("INSERT INTO user2(name,email,age,nickname) VALUES('$name','$email',$age,'$nickname')");
}mysql_close($con);echo 'success';?>
对索引的使用分析
Explain Select * from user where id>100 \G;
图1
Explain Select * from user2 where id>100 \G;
图2
User 表中的数据和 User2 表中的数据是一样的,索引结构也是一样的,只不过它们的存储引擎不同。在图1中,查询用到了PRIMARY主键索引,而查询优化器预估的结果大概在65954行左右(实际是131513);在图2中,查询却没有使用索引,而是全表扫描了,返回的预估结果在131608行(实际是131509)。
Explain Select * from user where id>100 and age>50 \G;
图3
Explain Select * from user where id>100 and age=50 \G;
图4
Explain Select * from user2 where id>100 and age>50 \G;
图5
Explain Select * from user2 where id>100 and age=50 \G;
图6