2018-11-17 回答
d 目录文件。
l 符号链接(指向另一个文件,类似于瘟下的快捷方式)。
s 套接字文件。
b 块设备文件,二进制文件。
c 字符设备文件。
p 命名管道文件。
- 普通文件,或更准确地说,不属于以上几种类型的文件。
重点注意的是普通文件,在查看文件类型的时候使用file命令和ll命令结合来查看文件的类型
设备文件分为block device driver和character device drive两类。character device drive又被称为字符设备或裸设备raw devices; block device driver通常成为块设备。而block device driver是以固定大小长度来传送转移资料 ;character device driver是以不定长度的字元传送资料 。且所连接的devices也有所不同,block device大致是可以随机存取(random access)资料的设备,如硬碟机或光碟机;而character device刚好相反,依循先後顺序存取资料的设备,如印表机 、终端机等皆是。
1.字符设备只能以字节为最小单位访问,而块设备以块为单位访问,例如512字节,1024字节等
2.块设备可以随机访问,但是字符设备不可以
3.字符和块没有访问量大小的限制,块也可以以字节为单位来访问
the type printed will usually contain one of the words
text (the file contains only printing characters and a few common control characters and is probably safe to read on an ascii terminal),
executable (the file contains the result of compiling a program in a form understandable to some unix kernel or another),
data meaning anything else (data is usually `binary' or non-printable).
any file that cannot be identified as having been written in any of the character sets listed above is simply said to be ``data''.