matlab 二值化图像反色,opencv图像的基本处理（灰度化、反色、二值化、膨胀、腐蚀以及ROI的copy等等）...

#include

#include

#include

using namespace cv;

using namespace std;

#define image_name "z001z.bmp"

#define corrode_index 1 //腐蚀指数

int otsu(const IplImage *src_image) //大津法求阈值

{

double sum = 0.0;

double w0 = 0.0;

double w1 = 0.0;

double u0_temp = 0.0;

double u1_temp = 0.0;

double u0 = 0.0;

double u1 = 0.0;

double delta_temp = 0.0;

double delta_max = 0.0;

//src_image灰度级

int

pixel_count[256]={0};

float

pixel_pro[256]={0};

int threshold = 0;

uchar* data =

(uchar*)src_image->imageData;

//统计每个灰度级中像素的个数

for(int i = 0; i <

src_image->height; i++)

{

for(int j = 0;j < src_image->width;j++)

{

pixel_count[(int)data[i * src_image->width + j]]++;

sum +=

(int)data[i * src_image->width + j];

}

}

cout<height *

src_image->width )<

//计算每个灰度级的像素数目占整幅图像的比例

for(int i = 0; i <

256; i++)

{

pixel_pro[i] =

(float)pixel_count[i] / ( src_image->height *

src_image->width );

}

//遍历灰度级[0,255],寻找合适的threshold

for(int i = 0; i <

256; i++)

{

w0 = w1 = u0_temp = u1_temp = u0 = u1 =

delta_temp = 0;

for(int j = 0; j < 256; j++)

{

if(j <=

i)  //背景部分

{

w0 += pixel_pro[j];

u0_temp += j * pixel_pro[j];

}

else

//前景部分

{

w1 += pixel_pro[j];

u1_temp += j * pixel_pro[j];

}

}

u0 = u0_temp / w0;

u1 = u1_temp / w1;

delta_temp = (float)(w0 *w1* pow((u0 - u1), 2))

;

if(delta_temp > delta_max)

{

delta_max

= delta_temp;

threshold

= i;

}

}

return threshold;

}

void front(IplImage *imgdst )//前面图片处理

{

IplImage* img_black =

cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(imgdst),IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);

cvSet(img_black,cvScalar(0),NULL);

cvSetImageROI(imgdst, cvRect(8, 145, 162, 255));

//为图象设置ROI区域

cvSetImageROI(img_black, cvRect(8, 145, 162, 255));

cvCopy(imgdst,img_black,NULL);

cvResetImageROI(imgdst);

cvResetImageROI(img_black);

cvSetImageROI(imgdst, cvRect(285, 122,245,245));

//为图象设置ROI区域

cvSetImageROI(img_black, cvRect(285, 122,245,245));

cvCopy(imgdst,img_black,NULL);

cvResetImageROI(imgdst);

cvResetImageROI(img_black);

cvSaveImage("正面结果.jpg",img_black);

cvShowImage("copy.jpg",img_black);

cvWaitKey(0);

}

void back(IplImage *imgsrc ,IplImage *imgdst)//后面图片处理

{

IplImage* img_back =

cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(imgdst),IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);

cvAdd(imgsrc,imgdst,img_back);

//创建纯黑图

IplImage* img_black =

cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(imgdst),IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);

cvSet(img_black,cvScalar(0),NULL);

cvSetImageROI(img_back, cvRect(22,22,727,477));

//为图象设置ROI区域

cvSetImageROI(img_black, cvRect(22,22,727,477));

cvCopy(img_back,img_black,NULL);

cvResetImageROI(img_back);

cvResetImageROI(img_black);

cvSaveImage("反面结果.jpg",img_black);

cvShowImage("copy.jpg",img_black);

cvWaitKey(0);

}

int main()

{

IplImage *imgsrc = cvLoadImage(image_name,1);

if (!imgsrc)

{

cout<

return

-1;

}

IplImage* imgdst =NULL;

imgdst=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(imgsrc),IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);

IplImage* img_temp =NULL;

img_temp=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(imgsrc),IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);

//灰度化

cvCvtColor(imgsrc,imgdst,CV_BGR2GRAY);

cvSaveImage("灰度化.jpg",imgdst);

imgsrc=imgdst;

int height = imgsrc->height;  // 图像高度

int width =

imgsrc->width;  //

图像宽度(像素为单位)

int step =

imgsrc->widthStep;  //

相邻行的同列点之间的字节数

int channels =

imgsrc->nChannels;  // 颜色通道数目 (1,2,3,4)

uchar *data

= (uchar *)imgsrc->imageData;

//反色操作

for(int i=0;i != height;

++ i)

{

for(int j=0;j != width; ++ j)

{

for(int

k=0;k != channels; ++ k)

{

data[i*step+j*channels+k]=255-data[i*step+j*channels+k];

}

}

}

cvSaveImage("反色.jpg",imgsrc);

//局部二值化

int blockSize = 15;

int constValue = 10;

cvAdaptiveThreshold(imgsrc, imgdst, 255, CV_ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C,

CV_THRESH_BINARY_INV, blockSize, constValue);

cvSaveImage("二值化.jpg",imgdst);

img_temp=imgdst;

cvErode(imgsrc,imgdst,NULL,corrode_index);//腐蚀图像

cvSaveImage("腐蚀结果.jpg", imgdst);

imgsrc = imgdst;

cvDilate(imgsrc,imgdst,NULL,1);//膨胀图像

cvSaveImage("膨胀结果.jpg", imgdst);

//不同类型图片处理函数不同

front(imgdst);

//back(imgdst,img_temp);

cvReleaseImage( &imgsrc );

return 0;

}