解决mysql客户端执行插入中文数据命令出错以及中文乱码问题

时间：2019年8月16号 星期五 22:40

建表语句和插入数据语句如下：

create table account(
    id int primary key auto_increment,
    name varchar(100) not null,
    money float not null
)character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;
insert into account(name, money) values("Dylan1", 10000);
insert into account(name, money) values("Dylan2", 10000);
insert into account(name, money) values("Dylan3", 10000);
insert into account(name, money) values("张三", 10000);
insert into account(name, money) values("李四", 10000);

一、存在问题：

问题1:在Windows 10 的dos下用命令行向mysql数据库中插入中文数据出现如下错误：

mysql> insert into account(name, money) values("张三", 10000);
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xC7\xF1\xBC\xD2\xB1\xA6' for column 'name' at row 1

问题2：在Windows 10 的dos下用命令行显示数据表数据出现中文数据乱码现象如下：

mysql> select * from account;
+----+-----------+-------+
| id | name      | money |
+----+-----------+-------+
|  1 | Dylan1    | 10000 |
|  2 | Dylan2    | 10000 |
|  3 | Dylan3    | 10000 |
|  4 | 閭卞瀹?   | 10000 |
|  5 | 閭卞瀹?   | 10000 |
+----+-----------+-------+

二、解决思路：

1、使用“show create table 表名;”命令查看所创建表格的编码格式

mysql> show create table account;
+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table   | Create Table                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| account | CREATE TABLE `account` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET gbk NOT NULL,
  `money` float NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

2、使用"show variables like ‘character%’;"命令查看mysql编码设置

mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                                   |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                                                    |
| character_set_connection | utf8                                                    |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                                    |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                                  |
| character_set_results    | utf8                                                    |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                                    |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                                    |
| character_sets_dir       | D:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

下图出自https://blog.csdn.net/u010682362/article/details/42125317关于MySQL如何修改character_set_client的编码问题

3、解决方法

（1）方法一（ps:此方法存在弊端，只能暂时性地解决当前操作的问题，需要每次进入mysql客户端时重新设置）：

​ 需要注意的是，mysql客户端默认的编码格式和我们的Windows操作系统一样，都是gbk,而mysql数据库的编码格式一般是utf8。只要保证mysql客户端的编码格式和mysql数据库的编码格式一样就能解决问题。我们只需要改变如下两个变量编码格式为gbk即可：

mysql> set character_set_client=gbk; 
//用命令行向mysql数据库中插入中文数据不再出现ERROR 1366
mysql> set character_set_results=gbk;
//用命令行返回数据表数据不再出现中文数据乱码现象

（2）方法二（ps:此方法可以使设置永久有效）：

​ 找到mysql安装目录下的my.ini配置文件，并打开找到default-character-set,把编码改为gbk即可

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mysql> show variables like'character%';
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                                   |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | gbk                                                     |
| character_set_connection | gbk                                                     |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                                    |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                                  |
| character_set_results    | gbk                                                     |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                                    |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                                    |
| character_sets_dir       | D:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

mysql> select * from account;
+----+--------+-------+
| id | name   | money |
+----+--------+-------+
|  1 | Dylan1 | 10000 |
|  2 | Dylan2 | 10000 |
|  3 | Dylan3 | 10000 |
|  4 | 张三       | 10000 |
|  5 | 李四       | 10000 |
+----+--------+-------+