每天三分半钟搞定linux基础知识(19) echo命令实现字符串的截取和替换

echo命令实现字符串的截取和替换

1 ## 号截取，从右往左找第一个匹配的，从右往左删

[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var=eaabbccddaa5
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var2=`echo ${var##*aa}`
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ echo $var2
5

2 #号截取，从右往左找最后一个匹配的，从右往左删

[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var=eaabbccddaa5
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var3=`echo ${var#*aa}`
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ echo $var3
bbccddaa5

3%%号截取，从左往右找最后一个匹配的，从左往右删

[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var=eaabbccddaa5
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var4=`echo ${var%%aa*}`
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ echo $var4
e

4%号截取，从左往右找第一个匹配的，从左往右删

[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var=eaabbccddaa5
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var5=`echo ${var%aa*}`
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ echo $var5
eaabbccdd

5截取从左边第几个字符开始，及字符的个数

[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var=eaabbccddaa5
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var6=`echo ${var:2:3}`
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ echo $var6
abb

6截取从左边第几个字符开始，一直到末尾

[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var=eaabbccddaa5
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var7=`echo ${var:3}`
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ echo $var7
bbccddaa5

7截取从右边第几个字符开始，及字符的个数

[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var=eaabbccddaa5
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var8=`echo ${var:0-3:2}`
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ echo $var8
aa

8截取从右边第几个字符开始，一直到末尾

[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var=eaabbccddaa5
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ var9=`echo ${var:0-4}`
[aitian@aitian-CW65S ~]$ echo $var9
daa5