《设计模式》7.适配器模式（结构型）

作用

将已知类的接口通过适配器转换成用户所期待的接口，让那些接口不兼容的类可以一起工作。

角色

• 目标接口（Target）：用户所期待的接口
• 适配者（Adaptee）：已知类，包含需要通过适配器转换的接口
• 适配器（Adapter）：用于将已知类接口转换为用户期待接口的

类适配器

通过类继承实现，将目标类（DuridDataSource）接口（#executeQuery、#executeSubmit）通过适配器类（DataSourceAdapter）封装到（#get、#set）中供用户调用。

public interface Adapter {
    Object get(String sql);
    Object set(String sql);
}

public class DuridDataSource {
    public Object executeQuery(String sql) {
        return new String("Query: " + sql);
    }

    public Object executeSubmit(String sql) {
        return new String("Submit: " + sql);
    }
}

public class DataSourceAdapter extends DuridDataSource implements Adapter {
    @Override
    public Object get(String sql) {
        return executeQuery(sql);
    }

    @Override
    public Object set(String sql) {
        return executeSubmit(sql);
    }
}

public class DataSourceAdapterTester {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        DataSourceAdapter adapter = new DataSourceAdapter();
        Object queryResult = adapter.get("select * from table");
        System.out.println(queryResult);
        Object updateResult = adapter.set("update table set column1=value1 where id=1");
        System.out.println(updateResult);
    }
}

Query: select * from table
Submit: update table set column1=value1 where id=1

对象适配器

通过持有目标类实例对象，用户调用适配器类（DataSourceAdapter）适配接口（#get、#set）调用目标类（DuridDataSource）实例接口（#executeQuery、#executeSubmit）。

public interface Adapter {
    Object get(String sql);
    Object set(String sql);
}

public class DataSourceAdapter implements Adapter {
    private DuridDataSource dataSource;
    public DataSourceAdapter(DuridDataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Override
    public Object get(String sql) {
        return dataSource.executeQuery(sql);
    }

    @Override
    public Object set(String sql) {
        return dataSource.executeSubmit(sql);
    }
}

public class DuridDataSource {
    public Object executeQuery(String sql) {
        return new String("Query: " + sql);
    }

    public Object executeSubmit(String sql) {
        return new String("Submit: " + sql);
    }
}

public class DataSourceAdapterTester {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        DataSourceAdapter adapter = new DataSourceAdapter(new DuridDataSource());
        Object queryResult = adapter.get("select * from table");
        System.out.println(queryResult);
        Object updateResult = adapter.set("update table set column1=value1 where id=1");
        System.out.println(updateResult);
    }
}

Query: select * from table
Submit: update table set column1=value1 where id=1

接口适配器

当接口（Adapter）定义了多个方法，仅希望提供用户部分接口时，通过抽象类（Animal）实现所有接口，并且不做任何操作，在具体实现类（Bird、Dog、Fish）中通过继承实现抽象类（Animal）需要提供给用户的接口。

public interface Adapter {
    void fly();
    void swim();
    void run();
}

public abstract class Animal implements Adapter {
    @Override
    public void fly() {}

    @Override
    public void swim() {}

    @Override
    public void run() {}
}

public class Bird extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void fly() {
        System.out.println("Bird can fly");
    }
}

public class Dog extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("Dog can run");
    }
}

public class Fish extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void swim() {
        System.out.println("fish can swim");
    }
}

public class AnimalAdapterTester {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Adapter bird = new Bird();
        bird.fly();
        bird.swim();
        bird.run();

        Adapter fish = new Fish();
        fish.swim();
        fish.fly();
        fish.run();

        Adapter dog = new Dog();
        dog.run();
        dog.fly();
        dog.swim();
    }
}

Bird can fly
fish can swim
Dog can run