Spring Component Scanning

@ComponentScan Without Arguments

In a Spring Application

Use the @ComponentScan annotation along with the @Configuration annotation to specify the packages that we want to be scanned.

@ComponentScan without arguments tells Spring to scan the current package and all of its sub-packages.

package com.componentscan.springapp.animals;
@Component
public class Cat {}

package com.componentscan.springapp.animals;
@Component
public class Dog {}

package com.componentscan.springapp.flowers;
@Component
public class Rose {}

# ------------------------------------------------
package com.componentscan.springapp
@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class SpringComponentScanApp {
    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;
    @Bean
    public ExampleBean exampleBean() {
        return new ExampleBean();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringComponentScanApp.class);
        for (String beanName : applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
            System.out.println(beanName);
        }
    }
}

springComponentScanApp
cat
dog
rose
exampleBean

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In a Spring Boot Application

SpringBoot use @SpringBootApplication annotation, and it’s a combination of three annotations:

@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan

package com.componentscan.springbootapp;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootComponentScanApp {
    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;
    @Bean
    public ExampleBean exampleBean() {
        return new ExampleBean();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        applicationContext = SpringApplication.run(SpringBootComponentScanApp.class, args);
        checkBeansPresence( "cat", "dog", "rose", "exampleBean", "springBootComponentScanApp");
    }
    private static void checkBeansPresence(String... beans) {
        for (String beanName : beans) {
            System.out.println("Is " + beanName + " in ApplicationContext: " + applicationContext.containsBean(beanName));
        }
    }
}

Is cat in ApplicationContext: true
Is dog in ApplicationContext: true
Is rose in ApplicationContext: true
Is exampleBean in ApplicationContext: true
Is springBootComponentScanApp in ApplicationContext: true

这里检验存在而不是全部输出, is that the output would be too large.
This is because of the implicit @EnableAutoConfiguration annotation, which makes Spring Boot create many beans automatically, relying on the dependencies in pom.xml file.

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@ComponentScan With Arguments

In a Spring Application

package com.componentscan.springapp.animals;
@Component
public class Cat {}

package com.componentscan.springapp.animals;
@Component
public class Dog {}

package com.componentscan.springapp.flowers;
@Component
public class Rose {}

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.componentscan.springapp.animals")
@Configuration
public class SpringComponentScanApp {
    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;
    @Bean
    public ExampleBean exampleBean() {
        return new ExampleBean();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringComponentScanApp.class);
        for (String beanName : applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
            System.out.println(beanName);
        }
    }
}

springComponentScanApp
exampleBean
cat
dog

In a Spring Boot Application

@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.componentscan.springbootapp.animals")

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@ComponentScan with Multiple Packages

@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.componentscan.springapp.animals", "com.componentscan.springapp.flowers"})

# since spring 4.1.1
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.componentscan.springapp.animals;com.baeldung.componentscan.springapp.flowers")
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.componentscan.springapp.animals,com.baeldung.componentscan.springapp.flowers")
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.baeldung.componentscan.springapp.animals com.componentscan.springapp.flowers")

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@ComponentScan with Exclusions/IncludeFilters

参考：Spring @ComponentScan – Filter Types

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参考：Spring Component Scanning