What is `Filter` does?

[Q&A] 什么是过滤器(Filter)?
过滤器(Filter)Java Servlet规范中的一部分。
它提供了一种在请求到达目标资源之前响应发送给客户端之前进行预处理后处理的能力。


[Q&A] 过滤器可以做什么?
登录验证、权限控制、字符编码转换、敏感信息过滤、性能监控等。


使用样例:一个简单的Servlet过滤器示例

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MyFilter implements Filter {

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        // 过滤器初始化时执行的操作,如读取配置参数等
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
        
        // 在请求被传递到下一个过滤器或目标资源前进行预处理
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;

        // 示例:打印请求URI
        System.out.println("Request URI: " + httpServletRequest.getRequestURI());

        // 传递请求和响应到下一个过滤器或目标资源
        chain.doFilter(request, response);

        // 在请求处理完毕后,进行后处理
        // ...
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        // 过滤器销毁时执行的操作,如清理资源等
    }
}
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回答下面问题Part 1: Multiple Choice Questions (2 points each, total 20 points) Choose the best answer for each question. 1.Which of the following is NOT a passive component? a) resistor b) capacitor c) inductor d) transistor 2.What is the primary purpose of modulation in communication systems? a) to reduce noise b) to increase the frequency of the signal c) to improve the quality of the signal d) to transmit the signal over long distances 3.What is the purpose of a voltage regulator? a) to amplify the voltage of the input signal b) to regulate the output voltage to a constant level c) to provide DC power to the load d) to convert AC power to DC power 4.Which theorem is used to simplify complex circuits for analysis? a) Kirchhoff's law b) The venin's theorem c) Faraday's law d) Ohm's law 5.What is the function of a decoder circuit? a) to convert digital signals into analogue signals b) to convert analogue signals into digital signals c) to select one of several output signals based on the input code d) to amplify signals to a higher power level 6.Which is an advantage of using optical fibers over copper wires in communication systems? a) higher cost b) higher bandwidth c) higher resistance to interference d) easier installation and maintenance 7.What does a low-pass filter do? a) allows low-frequency signals to pass through b) allows high-frequency signals to pass through c) blocks all signals above a certain frequency d) blocks all signals below a certain frequency 8.Which type of transistor has higher input impedance: common-emitter or common-base? a) common-emitter b) common-base c) they have the same input impedance d) it depends on the specific circuit configuration 9.What is the function of a mixer in radio communication systems? a) to amplify the received signal b) to combine two or more signals of different frequencies c) to filter out unwanted signals d) to transmit the signal over long distances 10.Which of the following is NOT a type of noise in electronic circuits? a) shot noise b) thermal noise c) cosmic noise d) flicker noise
06-02

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