访问权限控制

package chapter6;
/**
 * 控制对成员的访问权限原因有2个
 * 1.使用户不触碰那些不该触碰的部分 将方法和域指定成private
 * 2.可以让类库设计者可以更改类的内部工作方式，而不必担心这样会对客户端程序产生重大影响
 * */
class Connection {
    private static int count = 0;
    private int i = 0;
    private Connection() { System.out.println("Connection()");}
    // Allow creation via static method:
    static Connection makeConnection() {
        count++;  //通过satatic方法来获取connection
        return new Connection();
    }
    public static int howMany() { return count; }
    public String toString() {
        return ("Connection " + count);
    }
}
public class ConnectionManager {
    static int howManyLeft = 3;
    static Connection[] ca = new Connection[3];
    {
        for(Connection x : ca)
            x = Connection.makeConnection();
    }
    public static Connection getConnection() {
        if(howManyLeft > 0)
            return ca[--howManyLeft];
        else {
            System.out.println("No more connections");
            return null;
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConnectionManager cm = new ConnectionManager();
        System.out.println(cm.howManyLeft);
        cm.getConnection();
        System.out.println(howManyLeft);
        cm.getConnection();
        System.out.println(howManyLeft);
        cm.getConnection();
        System.out.println(cm.getConnection());
        System.out.println(howManyLeft);
    }
}
package chapter6;

class Soup1{
    private Soup1(){}

    public static Soup1 makeSoup(){
        return new Soup1();
    }
}

class Soup2{
    private Soup2(){}

    private static Soup2 ps1 = new Soup2();
    public static Soup2 access(){
        return ps1;
    }
    public void f(){}
}
public class Lunch {
    void testPrivate(){}

    void testStatic(){
//        创建一个静态方法来新的soup1对象
        Soup1 soup1 = Soup1.makeSoup();
    }

    void testSingleton(){
//        使用单例设计模式
        Soup2.access().f();
    }

}