例1:
两种写法为什么效果不一样?
//写法一:改变的是房间里的东西
Person.prototype.name = 'sunny';
function Person (){}
var person = new Person();
Person.prototype.name = 'cherry';
document.write(person.name);
//sunney//错误!
//cherry//正确
//写法二:改变的是房间
Person.prototype.name = 'sunny';
function Person (){}
var person = new Person();
Person.prototype = {
name:'cherry',
}
document.write(person.name);
//cherry//错误!
//sunney///正确
//原理:引用值的互相赋值,数组赋值赋的是引用值
var obj = {name:'a'}
var obj1 = obj;
var obj = {name:'b'}
document.write(obj1.name);//a
//同理解释
Person.prototype.name = 'sunny';
function Person (){
// var this = {__proto__:Person.prototype}
//__proto__的值是Person.prototype的引用值
}
var person = new Person();
//Person.prototype换了一个空间,其的引用值改变了
Person.prototype = {
name:'cherry',
}
//__proto__的值不会因为Person.prototype的引用值改变而改变
document.write(person.name);//sunney
//写法三:执行顺序的重要性
Person.prototype.name = 'sunny';
function Person (){}
Person.prototype = {//覆盖旧的Person.prototype
name:'cherry',
}
var person = new Person();
document.write(person.name);//sunney
例2:
Person.prototype = {
name:'a',
sayName:function(){
console.log(this.name);
}
}
function Person(){
this.name = 'b';
}
var person = new Person();
console.log(person.sayName());//b
//结论:sayName里面的this指向睡取决于调用这个方法的对象
//这里是person调用方法,所以this.name指的是person的name
//如果是这里是person.prototype.sayName(),则是person.prototype
//调用方法,所以this.name指的是person.prototype的name
例3:
Person.prototype = {
weight:100,
}
function Person(){
this.eat = function(){
this.weight++;
// person.weight = person.weight + 1
}
}
var person = new Person();
person.eat();
console.log(person.weight);//101