设计模式之策略模式

直接上干货  >>

步骤 1

创建一个接口。

Strategy.java

public interface Strategy { 
    public int doOperation(int num1, int num2);
}

步骤 2

创建实现接口的实体类。

OperationAdd.java

public class OperationAdd implements Strategy{ 
    @Override public int doOperation(int num1, int num2) { 
        return num1 + num2; 
    } 
}

OperationSubstract.java

public class OperationSubstract implements Strategy{ 
	@Override public int doOperation(int num1, int num2) { 
	return num1 - num2; 
	} 
}

OperationMultiply.java

public class OperationMultiply implements Strategy{
   @Override
   public int doOperation(int num1, int num2) {
      return num1 * num2;
   }
}

步骤 3

创建 Context 类。

Context.java

public class Context {
   private Strategy strategy;
 
   public Context(Strategy strategy){
      this.strategy = strategy;
   }
 
   public int executeStrategy(int num1, int num2){
      return strategy.doOperation(num1, num2);
   }
}

步骤 4

使用 Context 来查看当它改变策略 Strategy 时的行为变化。

StrategyPatternDemo.java

public class StrategyPatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Context context = new Context(new OperationAdd());    
      System.out.println("10 + 5 = " + context.executeStrategy(10, 5));
 
      context = new Context(new OperationSubstract());      
      System.out.println("10 - 5 = " + context.executeStrategy(10, 5));
 
      context = new Context(new OperationMultiply());    
      System.out.println("10 * 5 = " + context.executeStrategy(10, 5));
   }
}

步骤 5

执行程序，输出结果：

10 + 5 = 15
10 - 5 = 5
10 * 5 = 50

 个人感悟：

不管什么模式，关键的一点都是在调用方法前告诉它的实例化对象具体需要哪个类型的具体对象，就这个例子而言，策略模式的关键点在于在main方法中传递什么对象给context。