大数据学习之 SparkSql + Hive 篇

1. 关于SparkSql的相关用法请参考

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37835915/article/details/103531043

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37835915/article/details/103599521

2. 关于hive的相关知识和用法请参考

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37835915/article/details/103311326

3.SparkSql + hive 直接上代码：

package com.spark.sql.hive

import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession
object SparkHiveExample {

  case class Record(key: Int, value: String)

  def main(args: Array[String]) {

    val warehouseLocation = "C:/hnn/Project/Self/spark/spark-warehouse"

    val spark = SparkSession
      .builder()
      .appName("Spark Hive Example")
      .config("spark.sql.warehouse.dir", warehouseLocation)
      .master("local[*]")
      .enableHiveSupport()
      .getOrCreate()

    import spark.implicits._
    import spark.sql

    sql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user (name STRING, age INT)")
    sql("LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH 'in/people1.txt' INTO TABLE user")

    sql("SELECT * FROM user").show()


    sql("SELECT COUNT(*) count FROM user").show()


    val sqlDF = sql("SELECT name, age FROM user WHERE age > 10 ORDER BY age")

    //创建一个临时表DataFrame
    val recordsDF = spark.createDataFrame(Array(("AA",19),("BB",29),("CC",30))).toDF("name","age")
    recordsDF.createOrReplaceTempView("user1")

    // 可以将dataFrame的数据与hive里面的数据进行关联
    sql("SELECT * FROM user1 r JOIN user s ON r.age = s.age").show()


    spark.stop()
  }
}

说明如下：

1.构建SparkSession的时候必须加上hive支持 .enableHiveSupport()

2.warehouseLocation 指定hive表数据储存的路劲

3.sql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user (name STRING, age INT)")  创建一张user表设置name和age两个字段

4.sql("LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH 'in/people1.txt' INTO TABLE user")  从people1.txt文件中读取数据将数据保存到user表中

5.sql("SELECT * FROM user").show() 展示user表

6.运行后在此过程中可以观察spark-warehouse目录下会生成user这个文件夹，即说明创建表成功并成功写入hive

7.打开文件夹就会发现原始数据将会保存到次目录下

8.创建一个DataFrame临时表这时候hive 表可以与这个DataFrame进行关联代码如下

val recordsDF = spark.createDataFrame(Array(("AA",19),("BB",29),("CC",30))).toDF("name","age")
recordsDF.createOrReplaceTempView("user1")

sql("SELECT * FROM user1 r JOIN user s ON r.age = s.age").show()

注意：此操作不会将数据保存到hive中所以warehouse目录下不会产生相应文件运行结果如下

 

补充例子：合并两张表

package com.spark.self

import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession

object SparkSqlHiveTem {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val warehouseLocation = "C:/hnn/Project/Self/spark/spark-warehouse"

    val spark = SparkSession
      .builder()
      .appName("Spark Hive Example")
      .config("spark.sql.warehouse.dir", warehouseLocation)
      .master("local[*]")
      .enableHiveSupport()
      .getOrCreate()

    import spark.sql

    sql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_basic_info (id INT, name STRING)")
    sql("LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH 'in/user_basic_info.txt' INTO TABLE user_basic_info")

    sql("SELECT * FROM user_basic_info").show()

    sql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_address (name STRING,address STRING)")
    sql("LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH 'in/user_address.txt' INTO TABLE user_address")

    sql("SELECT * FROM user_address").show()

    sql("select max(ubi.id), ubi.name," +
      " concat_ws(',', collect_set(ua.address)) as address " +
      "from user_basic_info ubi " +
      "join user_address ua " +
      "on ubi.name=ua.name " +
      "group by ubi.name").show()
  }
}

运行结果如下：