Spring MVC
学习目标:
- Spring MVC体系
- Spring MVC的各个配置及作用
- Spring MVC在实际开发中的使用
Spring MVC 是什么?
基于请求驱动的web框架,从接收请求到返回相应,由DispatcherServlet负责分发任务,各组件通力合作,各司其职完成处理请求并返回内容。
配置Spring各个组件的配置及含义
DispatcherServlet的配置:
//指定业务层的Spring容器的配置文件
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:/applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
//启动contextConfigLocation指定的Spring容器
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
//默认自动加载Spring容器的配置文件,并启动web层Spring容器
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.zfounder.portal.platform.controller.ZFounderDispatchServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>throwExceptionIfNoHandlerFound</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<!--<async-supported>true</async-supported>-->
</servlet>
//处理以下的HTTP请求
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>*.json</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>*.ico</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>/upload/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
>以上涉及了两个Spring容器:Spring容器(业务层,父容器,ApplicationContext)和Spring MVC容器(web层,子容器,WebApplicationContext),Spring MVC容器容器可以访问Spring容器的Bean,反之则不行,图:
Controller(Handler)的配置
POJO通过@Controller注释为控制器
@requestMapping![]()
入参:
@PathVariable(“xxx”)![]()
@RequsetParam(“xxx”)、@CookieValue(“xxx”)、@RequestHeader(“xxx”)、HttpServletRequest
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数据校验:
//用于数据校验的Bean <bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean"> <property name="providerClass" value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator"/> </bean>
//Spring MVC中用于数据校验:
>@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
//@Valib调用校验框架根据注解声明实施校验,校验结果放在跟在其后的入参中,bindingResult
public Result addAdvertisementCategory(@ModelAttribute @Valid AdvertisementCategory advertisementCategory, BindingResult bindingResult) {
if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
return new Result(false, ResultCodeEnum.INTERNAL_ERROR.getCode(), bindingResult.getFieldError().toString());
}
return advertisementCategoryService.saveInsertAdvertisementCategory(advertisementCategory);
}
文件上传
想要使用Spring MVC的文件上传功能需要借助MultipartResolver解析器
> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
//限制文件的大小
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="293601280"/>
</bean>
文件上传后保存在MultipartFile的对象中