python简单程序实例详解-python 网络编程详解及简单实例

python 网络编程详解

网络编程的专利权应该属于Unix，各个平台（如windows、Linux等）、各门语言（C、C++、Python、Java等）所实现的符合自身特性的语法都大同小异。在我看来，懂得了Unix的socket网络编程，其他的形式的网络编程方法也就知道了。这句话说得还不太严谨。准确的应该说成懂得了socket编程的原理，网络编程也就知道了，不同之处就在于每个平台，每个语言都有自己专享的语法，我们直接灵活套用就行了。

下面是用python实现的最基本的网络编程的例子，即依托于客户端-服务器的架构，实现客户端与服务器之间的单向"数据流通”。我们分别用两个方法来实现，一个方法是最原始的socket编程，另一个方法是利用python的面向对象对第一种方法进行封装实现，目的是减少实现透明性，便于快速开发。

要求：客户端输入数据，发送到服务端，服务器端生成（时间戳+数据）的封装数据回应客户端。由于socket编程包括两种：面向连接的和无连接的，这两种分别对应TCP数据流和UDP数据报文。所以，我们两种方法都进行实现。

一、Python socket编程

面向连接的TCP socket编程：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

3 from socket import *

from time import ctime

# Address and Port

HOST = ''

PORT = 21567

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BuffSize

BUFSIZ = 1024

# build socket

tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

# bind socket

tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)

# listen 5 client

tcpSerSock.listen(5)

try:

while True:

print 'waiting for connection...'

# build client socket

tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()

print '...connect from:', addr

# accept data and process

while True:

data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ)

if not data:

break

tcpCliSock.send('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data))

# close client socket

tcpCliSock.close()

except EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt:

tcpSerSock.close()

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from socket import *

# Address and Port

HOST = '127.0.0.1'

PORT = 21567

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BufferSize

BUFSIZ = 1024

#build socket

tcpCliSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

tcpCliSocket.connect(ADDR)

while True:

data = raw_input('> ')

if not data:

break

# send data

tcpCliSocket.send(data)

# recv data

data = tcpCliSocket.recv(BUFSIZ)

if not data:

break

# show data

print data

tcpCliSocket.close()

无连接的UDP socket编程

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from socket import *

from time import ctime

# Address and Port

HOST = ''

PORT = 8000

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BufferSize

BUFFSIZE = 1024

# build socket

udpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)

# bind socket

udpSerSock.bind(ADDR)

try:

while True:

print 'waiting the message...'

data, addr = udpSerSock.recvfrom(BUFFSIZE)

print 'received the message: '+data+' from: ', addr

udpSerSock.sendto('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data), addr)

except EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt:

udpSerSock.close()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from socket import *

# Address and Port

HOST = 'localhost'

PORT = 8000

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BufferSize

BUFSIZ = 1024

# build socket

udpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)

while True:

data = raw_input('> ')

udpCliSock.sendto(data, ADDR)

data = udpCliSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZ)

if not data:

break

print data

udpCliSock.close()

二、基于封装类SocketServer的网络编程

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from SocketServer import TCPServer as TCP, StreamRequestHandler as SRH

from time import ctime

# Address and Port

HOST = ''

PORT = 21567

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BuffSize

BUFSIZ = 1024

# build RequestHandler

class MyRequestHandler(SRH):

def handle(self):

print '...connected from: ', self.client_address

self.wfile.write('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), self.rfile.readline()))

# build TCPServer

TCPServ = TCP(ADDR, MyRequestHandler)

print 'waiting for connection...'

# loop to process

TCPServ.serve_forever()

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from socket import *

# Address and Port

HOST = '127.0.0.1'

PORT = 21567

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BufferSize

BUFSIZ = 1024

while True:

# note: SocketServer 的请求处理器的默认行为是接受连接，

# 得到请求，然后就关闭连接，所以需要多次连接

tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)

# process data

data = raw_input('> ')

if not data:

break

tcpCliSock.send('%s ' % data)

data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ)

if not data:

break

print data.strip()

tcpCliSock.close()

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