GRE同义词

动词
贬性
放纵
abandon, 

indulge, 

形容词：indulgent, lenient, sybaritic, 

放弃；废除；撤回
abandon, abdicate, abjure, abrogate

abort, cease, cede, drop, disannul, forgo, recant, repeal, rescind, revoke, relinquish, renounce, resign, nullify, vacate

屈服，投降
capitulate, budge, succumb, 

concede, relent, surrender, render, yield, renounce, resign, 

停止
cessation, closure, conclusion, halt, termination

厌恶
abhor, abominate, deprecate, heinous

despise, detest, disesteem, execrate, loathe, disregard, 

名词：repugnance, aversion,antipathy, nausea

distaste, horror, loathing, repulsion, revulsion(剧变)

离间
alienate, estrange, disgruntle, 

sour(酸的), disaffect, 

诅咒
anathema, incantation

enchantment, glamour, hex, invocation

curse, execration, imprecation, malediction, 

诱骗；哄骗；
cajole, coax, cozen, dupe, cheat, deceive, delude, entrap, ensnare, ensnarl, wheedle, snare, hoax, 

奉承；谄媚
adulate, blandish, blarney, palaver(谈判), compliment, fawn, cringe, flatter, massage(按摩), grovel, toady, truckle(小轮), wheedle, 

形容词：ingratiating, adultery, fawning, flattering, toady, insinuating

吸引；诱惑；引诱；
allure, captivate, 

bait, beguile, bewitch, decoy, entice, enchant, magnetize, seduce, lure, snare

形容词：吸引人的
arresting, 

absorbing, appealing, alluring, captivating, charismatic, charming, enchanting, engaging, engrossing, enthralling, entrancing, luring, gripping, immersing(沉浸的), intriguing, riveting, seductive,

大声喧哗的；吵闹的；骚乱的
blatant, boisterous, bluster, rambunctious

clamant, clamorous, vociferous, raucous, rowdy, 

名词：din, blare, bluster, clamor, commotion, convulsion(痉挛), ferment(发酵),  pandemonium, tumult, turmoil, upheaval, tempest, uproar, racket, rattle, roar

否认
abnegate,

renege, repudiate

反对
demur, dissent, buck, contravene, breach, infringe, dissuade, deter, 

defy, oppose, repel, withstand, facture, gainsay, reject, refute, deny, stink, 

减少；降低
abate, attenuate, 

dwindle, decrease, diminish, lessen, recede, reduce, wane

缩短，缩写；
abridge, 

abbreviate, curtail, truncate, syncopate, 

收缩；压缩
compress

capsule, collapse, compact, condense, constrict, constringe, contract, shrink, telescope

耗尽；使衰竭
deplete, consume, devour, drain, exhaust, fatigue, fag

辱骂；抨击；攻击；
abuse(滥用)

assail, bash, 

批评；指责；谴责；责骂
reprobate(恶棍), castigate(公开), censure, chide, belabor(当众), berate(长时间), deplore, execrate(痛恨厌恶), excoriate, fulminate, lambaste, impugn, reproach, reprimand, rebuke, reprehend, snub

baste, batter, blame, chastise, condemn, denounce, decry, objurgate, reproof, denunciate, flay, rail,  reprove, scold, upbraid, pan

名词：barb, criticism, 

违规
foul

损坏；弄坏；破坏
vitiate(使无效、污染), mar, spoil, deface, scathe, impair, flaw, cripple(跛子), injure 

名词：demolition, annihilation, decimation, devastation, havoc, wreckage

亵渎；玷污；弄脏；污染
desecrate, smirch, blemish, besmirch, violate, 

blotch, defect, disfigure, foul, smudge, stain, smirch, taint, profane,

形容词：肮脏的：

dingy,

darkened, dirty, bedraggled, bemired, besmirched, dusty, mucky, muddy, nasty, smudged, soiled, sordid, stained, sullied,

诽谤；鄙视；贬低；中伤；轻视；蔑视
calumniate, besmirch, denigrate, debase, depreciate, derogate, disdain, disparage, defile, malign, flout, smear, scorn, sniff(嗅觉), traduce,  vilify

abase, asperse, blacken, belittle, defame, degrade, dismiss, relegate, demean, libel, soil,  

名词：aspersion, calumniation, maligning, obloquy

defamation, calumny, vilification

使堕落；使腐败；恶化
debauch, 

demoralize, deprave, deteriorate, profane, subvert, vitiate

名词： deterioration, decadence, degeneration, devolution, downfall, downgrade, 

使衰弱；使虚弱
debilitate, devitalize, enervate, emaciate, enfeeble, prostrate, fatigue, sap, languish, flag, languid, sag, wilt(枯萎), 

名词：decadence, degeneracy, degeneration, degradation, deterioration, downfall, impuissance

形容词：decrepit, feeble, debilitated, effete, enervated, faint, fragile, frail, infirm, languid, sapped

使慌张
fluster,

confound, confuse, discomfit, faze, mortify, nonplus, rattle

使困惑；使迷惑
nonplus, confound, 

baffle, bamboozle, bewilder, confuse, muddle, mystify, perplex, puzzle, vex

使混乱；使不安；打扰
discombobulate, addle(使腐坏), discompose, disconcert, 

abash, annoy, bother, upset, dismay, discomfort, disconcert, discountenance, befuddle, confound, perturb, irk, muddle, muddy, rattle, mortify, faze, agitate， fluster,

使模糊
blur, obfuscate, shroud, becloud, befog, obscure

形容词：ambiguous, cryptic, diaphanous(透明的), equivocal, nebulous, obscure, vague, insubstantial, immaterial

使羞愧；使尴尬
abash,

mortify(禁欲),

使惊恐的；恐吓，威胁
appall, cow, intimidate, browbeat, menace, hazard, imperil, jeopardize, peril, venture, awe

blackjack, bulldoze, bully, cow, hector, dismay, terrify, frighten, horrify, daunt, deter

畏缩；害怕
cower, cringe, fawn, flinch, grovel, quail, recoil, wince, shrink

怂恿；煽动；激起
abet, agitate, incite,instigate, goad, stir

ferment, foment, provoke(激怒), instigate

阻挠；障碍；限制
balk, circumvent, clog, clot, foil, frustrate,jam, obstruct, thwart, fetter, hamper, manacle, encumber, handicap, stymie, 

cramp, impede, forestall, hinder, barricade, bar, bridle, check, stuff, occlude, trammel, shackle, 

名词：deterrent, fetter, holdback, hurdle, fence, hedge, wall, barrier, obstacle, blockade, obstruction,impediment, inhibition, interference, shackles, trammel 

烦扰；困扰；骚扰
harass, badger, pester, 

bait, heckle, beleaguer(围攻), tease

磨损
abrade, 

chafe, excoriate(严厉批评), scuff, rasp, graze(放牧)

偷偷离开
abscond, lam, flee

胡乱说；急促不清
babble(闲聊), drivel, gabble, gibber, jabber

过失
blunder, gaffe, lapse,

error, 

蹒跚
blunder(过失),  dodder, lurch, falter, teeter(摇晃), totter, stumble, stagger,limp, waddle, wobble, 

笨拙的
plod, flounder, fumble, stumble, lumber, struggle, trudge, botch, gauche, inept, maladroit, clumsy, awkward    

恳求；祈求；乞求
solicit, beseech, implore, cadge, entreat, solicit, importune

appeal, besiege, conjure, impetrate, petition, plead, supplicate

挑剔
carp, cavil, niggle, nitpick, quibble, censorious,

形容词：persnickety, fastidious, fussy, squeamish, finicky, 

名词： faultfinder, carper, castigator, caviler, censurer, critic, hypercritic, nitpicker

抱怨；发恼骚；怨言
gripe(握紧), grizzle(灰色的), grouch, grouse(松鸡), grumble,

fuss, wail

名词：curmudgeon, crosspatch, fusser, griper, grouser, grumbler, whiner

共谋
connive, collude, contrive, conspire, intrigue, machinate(策划), plot, cogitate

监禁
coop, immure, 

box, cage, corral, encage, enclose, envelope, fence, hedge, include, pen, wall

虚度时光；闲逛；游荡
dally, dawdle, loll, bum, loaf, drone(嗡嗡叫), 

lounge, 

慢吞吞
dally, 

dash, creep, dillydally, drag, lag, linger, loiter, tarry

匆忙
hie, bustle, dash, hustle, scoot, scurry, scuttle, trot

褒义
减轻；缓和；平息；安慰
abate, allay, assuage, conciliate, palliate, soothe, propitiate

alleviate, appease, defuse, disarm, ease, calm, console, compose, comfort, lighten, lull, pacify, placate, mollify, mitigate, moderate, relieve, recede, remit, settle, subdue, solace, taper(逐渐减少), tranquilize,  wane, 

拥护, 赞成
espouse, embrace, endorse, extol, laud, champion

赞成；赞同；一致认可
accede, accolade, acquiesce, advocate, approbate, patronize, jibe

accord,  assent, acclaim, consent, commend, conform, compatibility, consensus, dovetail, eulogize, harmonize, tally, praise, 

声称为真
aver,

avouch, allege, assert, avow, purport, warrant

欢呼雀跃；欢闹
cavort, caper, disport, frisk, frolic, gambol, rollick, romp

渐渐康复
recuperate, convalesce, 

heal, recover, recoup

中立
喝水
imbibe, sip(小口喝), sponge(海绵般吸收水分)

狂饮：guzzle, quaff

拖；拉
hale, drag, draw, haul, lug, tow, tug

除去
efface, expunge, extirpate, expurgate, obliterate, 

eradicate, erase, exterminate, 

躲避
dodge, malinger, eschew, evade, parry,

avoid, escape, shirk, goldbrick, sidestep, circumvent, fence, hedge, avert, elude, shun, skirt, bilk, weasel 

弯曲
crook,

arch, bow, curve, hook, swerve, 

低声说
croon, 

whisper, grumble, mumbl

漫步；闲逛
amble,

ramble, saunter, stroll, wander, dally, dawdle

快速通过
flit, flirt, dance, dart, fleet, flick, flutter, hurry, rush, zip 

镇压
quash， 

延长
protract, elongate, prolong

中止；搁置
abeyance, moratorium

概括；做总结
abstract, recapitulate, synopsize,

闲聊
babble, prate, chatter

对比
使无罪
absolve, 

acquit, exonerate, vindicate

定罪
blame, criminate, 

驱逐出境，流放
banish, deport, exile, expatriate, expel, evict

遣返
repatriate

形容词
贬义
放荡的
licentious, voluptuous,

sybaritic, 

名词：享乐主义：

hedonist, voluptuary, sybarite

易怒的；暴躁的
apoplectic(极度愤怒), choleric, dyspeptic(消化不良的), irascible, infuriated, testy, unamiable, ungenial, petulant, pettish, fretful

crabby, cranky, ballistic, enraged, enflamed, furious(激烈的，喧闹的), fractious, incensed, indignant, infuriated, irate, irritable, ireful, peevish, outraged, wrathful

动词：使恼火；激怒
exasperate, gall(大胆无耻), grate,  ire, irk, infuriate, nettle, peeve, pique, perturb, rile, roil(搅浑), ruffle, vex, 

annoy, aggravate(加剧), bother, chafe(磨损), discompose, disturb, inflame, incense, provoke, irritate, madden, 

精神错乱的
daft, delirium, furor, fury, insanity, 

demented, deranged, lunatic, psychotic, unbalanced, unsound, hysteria, rage, rampage, uproar

不明智的；愚笨的；荒谬的
daft, preposterous, fatuous, obtuse, 

asinine,brainless, foolish, featherheaded, nonsensical, impolitic, tactless, undiplomatic, untactful

悲惨的；悲哀的
dire, lugubrious,

cheerless, chill, desolate, funereal, miserable,

忧郁的
saturnine, gloomy, melancholy, morose, sullen,

depressive, depressing, dismal, drear, dreary, glum, somber, sunless, wretched

非原创的；陈腐的；平凡的；陈词滥调的
banal, cliche, hackneyed, stale, bathetic, bromide

stereotyped, threadbare, trite, shopworn, moth-eaten, common-place, platitude, truism, chestnut, shibboleth

过时的；老的
hoary, antique, immemorial, antediluvian

虚假的；欺骗的
apocryphal, phony, counterfeit, credulous, bogus, pseudo, feigned, 

spurious, unauthentic, fake, fallacious, bogus, counterfeit, beguiling, deceiving, deluding, delusive, fraudulent, misleading, gullible

动词：beguile, chicanery, deception, delude, equivocate, prevaricate, palter, gull, hoodwink,

artifice, wile, subterfuge, fudge, weasel, humbug

名词：charlatan, fake, hoaxer, mountebank, phony, pretender, quack, imposter(冒名顶替的人), fable,mendacity, prevarication

有害的
deleterious, adverse, baleful, detrimental, mischievous, nocuous, noxious, pernicious, 

疲倦的；昏睡的；枯燥的
lassitude, lethargy, dreary

名词：fatigue, , 

衰老的；苍白的；无生气的；无生机的
anemic, sapless, effete, enervate, deadpan, devitalize, desiccate, drained

castrate, decrepit, pallid, wan, pale, lethargic, stolid

下流的；猥琐的
bawdy, ribald, 

obscene, lewd, vulgar

沮丧的；垂头丧气的
crestfallen, depressed, hangdog, melancholic,

dejected, despondent, disconsolate, doleful, downcast, dispirited, low, gloomy, sorrowful, woeful, wretched

动词：deject, oppress, sadden, 

名词：depression, melancholy

使苦恼；使悲痛；使不高兴；使不满
aggrieve, grieve

discontent, displeased, dissatisfied, bemoan, bewail

形容词：disgruntled, disaffected, discontented, malcontent, rebellious, insubordinate

动词：使非常痛苦；折磨
agonize, anguish, beset, besiege, suffer, torment, torture, excruciate, plague, harrow

名称：bale,  grief, misery

忧伤的；哀悼的
dolorous, 

agonized, bemoaning, bewailing, deplorable, grievous, miserable, plaintive, woeful

轻率的
flippancy, hasty, precipitate, headlong, cursory

固执的；倔强的；保守的                                                                                  
adamant, balky, contumacious, diehard, intractable, implacable, recalcitrant, refractory, restive

conservative, hardheaded, headstrong, intransigent, inflexible, intractable, mulish, pertinacious, obdurate, untoward, ossified    

坚决的；坚持的
dogged, pertinacious, tenacious, 

insistent, persevering, determined    

不服从的；难控制的；任性的
defiant, insubordinate, obstreperous(难驾驭的，吵闹的), rebellious, unruly, wayward

冷漠的；无同情心的
nonchalance, aseptic(消毒的，缺乏活力的), callous, phlegmatic, aloof

apathetic, indifferent, unconcern, affectless, uncharitable, unsparing, remorseless, indurate, ruthless, pococurante

名词：apathy, torpor, impassivity, insensitivity

不感兴趣的
disinterested, insouciant, 

apathetic, incurious, nonchalant, perfunctory, unconcerned, 

难理解的；神秘的
abstruse, arcane, esoteric, hermetic, recondite, 

intimidate,  enigmatic, inscrutable, mystic, occult, uncanny

不老练的；不成熟的
callow, juvenile, 

green, immature, inexperienced, unfledged, ruthless, 

不合理的；荒唐的；疯狂的
absurd

bizarre, ludicrous, insane, nonsensical, preposterous, 

凶兆的；不祥的
baleful, direful, doomy, ominous, minatory, portentous, sinister

稀少的
infrequent, rare, uncommon, inadequate, scanty, scarce

异常的
aberrant, anomalous

abnormal, peculiar, singular, unwonted, uncustomary

难做到的
arduous, grueling, onerous,

laborious, burdensome, cumbersome,

贫瘠的；缺乏的
barren, impotent(不育的), sterile

infertile, effete, fruitless, desolate, impoverished, bare, bereft, destitute, void

无用的；无效的
bootless, futile, feckless, 

abortive, barren, ineffective, inefficacious, unavailing, vain, fruitless, useless, worthless

忧伤的
doldrums

无精打采的
abject

空闲的
idle,

inactive, unemployed, unoccupied

专制的
absolute(无限的), despotic

autocratic, dictatorial, monocratic,

炫耀的
flamboyant, florid, garish, ornate, ostentatious, 

华丽的；浮夸的
florid, flourish, bloom, burgeon, thrive, bombastic, inflated, pretentious

grandiloquent, magniloquent, rhetorical, baroque, plain, severe, stark

厚颜无耻的
barefaced, brassy, bold-faced, brazen, impudent, insolent, presumptuous,

名词： effrontery, audacity, brashness, brazenness, insolence, presumption, temerity, 

残暴的；暴虐的；残忍的；野蛮的；凶残的；粗鲁的；无礼的
atrocious, crass, despotic(专制的),  drac                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  onian, heinous, barbarous, impertinent, impudent, imperious, insolent, tyrannical, murderous

brutal, crude, coarse, boorish, loutish, fiendish, rude, savage, truculent, vicious, unpolished, uncouth, vulgar

名词：残暴粗暴

asperity, crudity, rudeness, poignancy, harshness, boor, churl

尖酸的, 刻薄的
acerbic, caustic(腐蚀性的), pungent, acrimonious, sore, brisk(有活力的), scathing,

acrid, barbed, mordant, sardonic, satiric, sharp

滑稽可笑的；开玩笑的；好笑的；恶搞
deride, hilarious, burlesque, chaff, banter, gibe, jeer,  jape, jest, quip, flout, taunt,sneer, taunt, 

antic, comedic, comic, droll, farcical, facetious, ludicrous, scout,  sardonic, satiric, waggish

名词：buffoon, caricature, imitate, mock, parody, spoof, sham,  travesty, farce, mockery

怀疑的
dubious,

debatable, doubtful, disputable, equivocal, 

后悔的
contrite, repentant

regrettable, remorseful, apologetic, penitent, rueful, 

大胆鲁莽的；
daredevil, audacious, brash, madcap, overbold, reckless, temerarious, embolden, temerity, 

费时间的
demanding, arduous, burdensome, grueling, onerous, taxing, exacting, toilsome, 

不可避免的
ineluctable, inevitable, inescapable, inevasible, 

中立
古怪的；滑稽可笑的
droll, antic, eccentric, erratic, ludicrous, uproarious, outlandish, 

bizarre, farcical, hilarious, humorous, ridiculous, peculiar, quaint, screwy, weird

预言的
apocalyptic(夸大的，重要的), prophetic, 

predictive, prognostic,

名词：augur, 

歪的；不成直线的；
askew, oblique, lopsided, awry

crooked, cockeyed, skewed, aslant, slanted, slanting, listing, tilted, 

大量的
abundant, copious, 

ample, cornucopian, teeming, abounding, plentiful, gushing

名词：cornucopia, plentitude, plethora(过量), wealth, profusion, affluence

偶然的；意外的；侥幸的
accidental, fluky, gloat, 

incidental, fortuitous, unintended,unwitting

静止的；休眠的
quiescence, dormancy

弄湿的
awash, doused, drenched, saturated, sodden, soggy, soaked

公然的，明显的
barefaced, conspicuous, 

apparent, plain, bald, distinct, evident, manifest, obvious, perspicuous, pate

肉体的；物质的
carnal, corporal, corporeal, somatic

fleshly, material, 

无目标的
desultory, haphazard, 

aimless, arbitrary, erratic, stray, 

褒义
愉快的
blithe, elated, jocular, jocund, jovial, jubilate, effervescent(冒泡的), congenial, palatable

bright, buoyant(有浮力的), exhilarated, exultant, exult, exuberant, chipper, eupeptic, gay, 

名词：bliss, ecstasy, joy, elation, euphoria, triumph

悦耳的
euphemism, mellifluous, 

melodious, canorous

谨慎的；小心的
chary, conscientious, 

alert, cautious, circumspect, conservative, discreet, exact, gingerly, guarded, heedful, wary, scrupulous,

繁荣的
halcyon(宁静的), lush, palmy,  prospering, roaring, thriving

booming, flourishing,

灵巧的；灵活的
deft, cunning, adroit, dexterous, expert, masterful, virtuoso, 

充满的
replete, fraught(令人忧虑的), flush(大量，冲洗)

动词：bulge(暴涨), brim(边缘), bristle(发怒咆哮),  overflow, swarm(一群), teem, glut, cloy, sate, infuse, suffuse, permeate, ingrain

最好的
dandy, awesome, fabulous, superb, sensational, splendid, unsurpassed

衣冠整洁的
dapper, natty, sharp, spruce, 

香的
ambrosial, 

savory, aromatic, perfumed, redolent, odorous

名词：incense, aroma, balm, bouquet, fragrancy, perfume, redolence, scent, spice

勤奋的
assiduous, diligent, industrious, sedulous, engaged, 

纯粹不含杂质的
absolute,

plain, refined, unadulterated, unalloyed, undiluted, unmixed

掺杂的；不纯的
adulterate, alloyed, diluted, impure(道德败坏的), mixed

节俭的
abstemious,

temperate, continent, self-abnegating, self-denying

华丽的，复杂的
baroque, byzantine, 

complicated, convoluted, complex, elaborate, fancy, intricate, involved, knotty, labyrinthine, lavish, tangled, twisted, sophisticated

啰嗦的；话多的
garrulous, loquacious, verbose, volubel, 

对比
相关的；合适的
apposite, apropos, germane, apt(可能的，聪明的), felicitous,

relative, relevant, pointed, applicable, 

无关的
extraneous, impertinent

irrelevant, irrelative, pointless, 

永久的
abiding,

ageless, enduring, eternal, everlasting, perennial, perpetual, timeless

短暂的
evanescent, transitory 

ephemeral, fleeting, impermanent, temporary, transient, 

热切希望；渴望的；
agog, avid(贪婪的), solicitous, hanker, 

ardent, eager, keen, impatient, thirsty, appetite, craving, 

贪婪的
voracious, avid, covetous, rapacious, acquisitive, avaricious, grasping(理解的)

动词：crave, yearn, desire, pine, thirsty, itch, yen

名词：avarice, 

冗长的；迂回的
circuitous, roundabout, diffuse, 

prolix, verbose, windy, wordy, rambling(漫步的)

简洁的
compact, concise, compendious, curt, elliptical(椭圆的), laconic, pithy, succinct, terse

名词
格言警句
aphorism, epigram, 

adage, maxim, proverb

忠诚
fidelity, allegiance, perfidy

loyalty, piety, 

不忠诚的；背叛
apostasy, perfidy

defection, treacherousness

焦虑；不安
chagrin(因为失败而焦虑不安), compunction, scruple

anxiety, concern, disquiet, misgiving,  

狂热
ardor, 

avidity, zeal, fervor, fervency, fervidness, passion, vehemence

傲慢
arrogance

assumption, bumptiousness, haughtiness, hauteur, imperiousness, loftiness, peremptoriness, pomposity, pompousness, presumptuousness, superciliousness

形容词：傲慢的
bumptious, imperious, peremptory(强制的绝对的), pompous(爱炫耀的), presumptuous, supercilious

assumptive(假定的), overweening, haughty 

收容所
asylum, sanctuary

harbor, haven, refuge, sanctum

打趣；机巧的说
badinage, banter, persiflage, repartee

藏货
cache, stash, stockpile, hoard, covert, 

store, deposit, reserve,

动词：conceal, ensconce, secret, disguise, mask, occult

形容词：cryptic(含义模糊的，超出理解能力的), furtive, stealthy, surreptitious

混乱；
chaos, disarray

disarrangement, dishevelment, disorder, havoc, mess, muddle,  jumble, welter

动词：·使混乱：confuse, disarrange, discompose, dishevel, dislocate, disorganize, disrupt, disturb, hash, jumble, muddle, muss, rumple, scramble(攀登), 

顶峰
crescendo(声音渐强), crest

apex, acme, apogee, climax, crescendo, peak, pinnacle, summit, zen

谜
conundrum, enigma, mystery, puzzlement, riddle, secret, 

调情
coquette, flirt, vamp(鞋面；荡妇 ), dally,  

主席台
dais, podium, rostrum, tribune

懦弱；胆小
cowardice, pusillanimity, spinelessness

cravenness, dastardliness, gutlessness, poltroonery,  

形容词：craven, effete, frail, invertebrate(无脊椎动物), gutless, pusillanimous, spineless, trepid, meek, timorous

勇气
courage, guts, pluck, intrepidness, nerve, stoutness, valiance, valor

形容词：bold, dauntless, fearless, gallant, gutsy, heroic, intrepid, stalwart, stout, stouthearted, valiant, valorous

侮辱
dart(突然移动), affront, barb, offense, sarcasm, slight, slur

玩忽职守的；渎职；松懈
default, delinquency, dereliction, misprision, nonfeasance, oversight, slack, remiss

幻想；错觉
delusion, hallucination, illusion, falsehood, misconception, fantasy, chimera, envisage, figment, 

道德败坏；卑鄙
depravity, debauchery, licentiousness, perversion, turpitude, 

抨击性演讲
diatribe(挖苦讽刺), harangue, jeremiad, philippic, rant, 

新手
fledging, neophyte, novice, tyro, rookie

apprentice, beginner, freshman, 

一群
flock, army, drove, herd, legion, swarm, throng

敌意
gall,

animosity, animus, antagonism, antipathy, hostility, rancor, 

大杂烩
hodgepodge, medley, 

agglomeration, assortment, collage, mishmash, pastiche(混成画), 

模仿
imitation, facsimile, 

clone, copy, dupe, duplication, mock, replica,