数据库SQL实战--查找当前薪水排名第二多的员工编号emp_no

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题目描述

查找当前薪水(to_date='9999-01-01')排名第二多的员工编号emp_no、薪水salary、last_name以及first_name，不准使用order by
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

写法一：

1、先利用MAX()函数找出salaries中当前薪水最高者，即SELECT MAX(salary) FROM salaries WHERE to_date = '9999-01-01'

2、再利用INNER JOIN连接employees与salaries表，限定条件为【同一员工】e.emp_no = s.emp_no、【当前】s.to_date = '9999-01-01'与【非薪水最高】s.salary NOT IN (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM salaries WHERE to_date = '9999-01-01')

3、在以上限制条件下找薪水最高者，即为所有员工薪水的次高者

select e.emp_no,max(s.salary),e.last_name,e.first_name
from employees e inner join salaries s on s.emp_no=e.emp_no
where s.to_date='9999-01-01'
and s.salary not in (select max(salary) from salaries where to_date='9999-01-01')

写法二：

select e.emp_no,max(s.salary),e.last_name,e.first_name
from employees e inner join salaries s on s.emp_no=e.emp_no
where s.salary < (select max(salary) from salaries)
and s.to_date='9999-01-01'