以太坊私有链搭建——POA(单主机)

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-24 15:36:42 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-24 15:36:42 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38182225/article/details/136617275

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本文详细介绍了如何在Linux系统上使用Go语言和Geth1.10.17版本搭建以太坊POA私有链，包括安装配置Go环境、下载Geth、设置环境变量、配置bootnode、创建账户、生成创世块以及启动节点等步骤。

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以太坊私有链搭建——POA(单主机)

一、单主机部署

（一）安装配置Go语言

1.1安装[Go语言]环境（linux）
下载Go 1.8版本的

wget https://golang.google.cn/dl/go1.11.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz

下载后解压目录

tar -zxvf go1.8.linux-amd64.tar.gz

将其移动到合适的位置

sudo mv go /usr/local

配置GOPATH的环境变量

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin

（二）下载geth并配置

2.1geth客户端下载地址（最好下载geth&tool版本）

https://geth.ethereum.org/downloads

2.2下载后解压缩

tar -zxvf geth-alltools-linux-amd64-1.10.17-25c9b49f.tar.gz

将其移动到合适的位置

sudo mv geth /usr/local

配置geth的环境变量：

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/geth-alltools-linux-amd64-1.10.17-25c9b49f

（三）使用的Go和Geth版本

Go：1.11.4

Geth & Tool：1.10.17

最好版本一致进行私有链搭建，不然有些参数和功能有差异

（四）搭建POA私有链

4.1bootnode配置

bootnode用于节点间通信和管理

在poachain2目录下建立三个文件夹，分别是bootdir,node1,node2三个文件夹。

mkdir poachain2
cd poachain2
mkdir bootdir node1 node2

在bootdir文件夹中配置bootnode节点用来做p2p网络路由

bootnode --genkey boot.key #创建名为boot.key的key文件。
bootnode --nodekey boot.key #启动bootnode路由节点。

#返回如下信息, 之后启动node节点时会用到，记录下来
enode://1472e9a4efd46449690d97eb248fdfa6208f94bef8389edaff0b7c43e15645292c0cb3167c824e8b1309f5396d8f97dc24fe7896c373e0f61d3064d7baf32f1d@127.0.0.1:0?discport=30301

#后台运行（节点通信时需要处于运行状态，建议一直运行）
nohup bootnode -nodekey boot.key -verbosity 9 -addr :30301 2>> bootnode_output.log &

4.2创建账户

在node1 node2 目录下创建账户

geth account new --datadir node0/keystore
geth account new --datadir node0/keystore

0x89D2b4Af9602115D67EE9EAD945012A129ba9350
0x136EbA275271Dd911000b914162632C31195898e

4.3产生创世块

使用puppeth来产生创世文件. puppeth是geth自带的程序，可以引导用户创建geth的创世文件。
运行puppeth在poachain2目录产生创世块配置相关的json文件

root@0da3d8e84434:/workspace/app/poachain2# puppeth
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Welcome to puppeth, your Ethereum private network manager |
|                                                           |
| This tool lets you create a new Ethereum network down to  |
| the genesis block, bootnodes, miners and ethstats servers |
| without the hassle that it would normally entail.         |
|                                                           |
| Puppeth uses SSH to dial in to remote servers, and builds |
| its network components out of Docker containers using the |
| docker-compose toolset.                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+

Please specify a network name to administer (no spaces, hyphens or capital letters please)
> poa2

Sweet, you can set this via --network=poa2 next time!

INFO [03-06|08:16:25.057] Administering Ethereum network           name=poa2
WARN [03-06|08:16:25.057] No previous configurations found         path=/root/.puppeth/poa2

What would you like to do? (default = stats)
 1. Show network stats
 2. Configure new genesis
 3. Track new remote server
 4. Deploy network components
> 2

What would you like to do? (default = create)
 1. Create new genesis from scratch
 2. Import already existing genesis
> 1

Which consensus engine to use? (default = clique)
 1. Ethash - proof-of-work
 2. Clique - proof-of-authority
> 2

How many seconds should blocks take? (default = 15)
> 2

Which accounts are allowed to seal? (mandatory at least one)
> 0x89D2b4Af9602115D67EE9EAD945012A129ba9350
> 0x136EbA275271Dd911000b914162632C31195898e
> 0x

Which accounts should be pre-funded? (advisable at least one)
> 0x89D2b4Af9602115D67EE9EAD945012A129ba9350
> 0x

Should the precompile-addresses (0x1 .. 0xff) be pre-funded with 1 wei? (advisable yes)
> y

Specify your chain/network ID if you want an explicit one (default = random)
> 1501
INFO [03-06|08:17:42.762] Configured new genesis block

What would you like to do? (default = stats)
 1. Show network stats
 2. Manage existing genesis
 3. Track new remote server
 4. Deploy network components
> 2

 1. Modify existing configurations
 2. Export genesis configurations
 3. Remove genesis configuration
> 2

Which folder to save the genesis specs into? (default = current)
  Will create poa2.json, poa2-aleth.json, poa2-harmony.json, poa2-parity.json
>
INFO [03-06|08:18:12.002] Saved native genesis chain spec          path=poa2.json
ERROR[03-06|08:18:12.002] Failed to create Aleth chain spec        err="unsupported consensus engine"
ERROR[03-06|08:18:12.003] Failed to create Parity chain spec       err="unsupported consensus engine"
INFO [03-06|08:18:12.003] Saved genesis chain spec                 client=harmony path=poa2-harmony.json

What would you like to do? (default = stats)
 1. Show network stats
 2. Manage existing genesis
 3. Track new remote server
 4. Deploy network components
> CRIT [03-06|08:18:16.906] Failed to read user input                err=EOF
root@0da3d8e84434:/workspace/app/poachain2# ls
bootdir  node1  node2  poa2-harmony.json  poa2.json

4.4配置密码文件

cd node1
vi password.txt

cd node2
vi password.txt

4.5初始化节点

geth --datadir node1 init poa2.json
geth --datadir node2 init poa2.json

4.6启动节点（需确认bootnode开启）

#节点1
nohup geth --datadir node1 --networkid 981027 --ipcdisable  -unlock '0x89D2b4Af9602115D67EE9EAD945012A129ba9350' --password node1/password.txt --mine --http.port 8545 --http --http.api "admin,eth,txpool,personal,web3" --ws.port 8546 --port 30303 --bootnodes 'enode://1472e9a4efd46449690d97eb248fdfa6208f94bef8389edaff0b7c43e15645292c0cb3167c824e8b1309f5396d8f97dc24fe7896c373e0f61d3064d7baf32f1d@127.0.0.1:0?discport=30301'  --allow-insecure-unlock 2>>node1/eth_output.log &

#节点2
geth --datadir node2 --networkid 981027 --ipcdisable  -unlock '0x136EbA275271Dd911000b914162632C31195898e' --password node1/password.txt --mine --http.port 8546 --http --http.api "admin,eth,txpool,personal,web3" --ws.port 8546 --port 30304 --bootnodes 'enode://1472e9a4efd46449690d97eb248fdfa6208f94bef8389edaff0b7c43e15645292c0cb3167c824e8b1309f5396d8f97dc24fe7896c373e0f61d3064d7baf32f1d@127.0.0.1:0?discport=30301'  --allow-insecure-unlock console

当节点1启动节点2未启动时，日志会打印looking for peer，等待节点2的接入

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