!/!! ?./??/??=

!/!!  ?./??/??=

truthy falsy
false/0 null/undefined 0/NAN
!  取反 ！falsy  则为true
!! 强制转boolean !!falsy 都是false，余下都是true
.? 可选链 

let a;
let b = a?.name?.nb?.;  若a为falsy 则兜底值undefined

?? 类似三目运算符
c =a ?? b   左边a为falsy ,则取右侧b，不然就是取左侧 a 

let b;
let a = 0;
let c = { name:'buzhimingqianduan' }

b = a ?? c;

空值赋值运算符(??=)

b ??= a;  // b = “你好”  b为falsy 则取a赋值给b,否还是b值
c ??= d  // c = '123'