Jenkins指南-安装部署

麦田里的守望者·

已于 2022-08-02 13:21:18 修改

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分类专栏： DevOps 文章标签： jenkins 运维 devops

于 2022-08-02 11:00:39 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38231448/article/details/126116190

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介绍

Jenkins是一款开源 CI&CD 软件，用于自动化各种任务，包括构建、测试和部署软件。Jenkins 支持各种运行方式，可通过系统包、Docker 或者通过一个独立的 Java 程序。

安装

下载地址：https://mirrors.jenkins.io/

根据自己系统的版本，选择合适的格式，

安装JDK

[root@CentOSC ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u271-linux-x64.rpm 
warning: jdk-8u271-linux-x64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:jdk1.8-2000:1.8.0_271-fcs        ################################# [100%]
Unpacking JAR files...
        tools.jar...
        plugin.jar...
        javaws.jar...
        deploy.jar...
        rt.jar...
        jsse.jar...
        charsets.jar...
        localedata.jar...

war方式

下载war包

[root@CentOSC ~]# yum install wget -y
[root@CentOSC ~]# wget https://mirrors.jenkins.io/war/2.327/jenkins.war --no-check-certificate
[root@CentOSC ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  jenkins.war

启动Jenkins

[root@CentOSC ~]# java -jar jenkins.war --httpPort=8080
Running from: /root/jenkins.war
webroot: $user.home/.jenkins
2022-07-28 13:08:10.967+0000 [id=1]     INFO    org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log#initialized: Logging initialized @573ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.JavaUtilLog
2022-07-28 13:08:11.049+0000 [id=1]     INFO    winstone.Logger#logInternal: Beginning extraction from war file
2022-07-28 13:08:12.408+0000 [id=1]     WARNING o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#setContextPath: Empty contextPath
2022-07-28 13:08:12.482+0000 [id=1]     INFO    org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: jetty-9.4.43.v20210629; built: 2021-06-30T11:07:22.254Z; git: 526006ecfa3af7f1a27ef3a288e2bef7ea9dd7e8; jvm 1.8.0_271-b09
2022-07-28 13:08:12.820+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.w.StandardDescriptorProcessor#visitServlet: NO JSP Support for /, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.JettyJspServlet
2022-07-28 13:08:12.887+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: DefaultSessionIdManager workerName=node0
2022-07-28 13:08:12.887+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: No SessionScavenger set, using defaults
2022-07-28 13:08:12.888+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.server.session.HouseKeeper#startScavenging: node0 Scavenging every 660000ms
2022-07-28 13:08:13.431+0000 [id=1]     INFO    hudson.WebAppMain#contextInitialized: Jenkins home directory: /root/.jenkins found at: $user.home/.jenkins
2022-07-28 13:08:14.834+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#doStart: Started w.@2c444798{Jenkins v2.327,/,file:///root/.jenkins/war/,AVAILABLE}{/root/.jenkins/war}
2022-07-28 13:08:14.881+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.server.AbstractConnector#doStart: Started ServerConnector@68746f22{HTTP/1.1, (http/1.1)}{0.0.0.0:8080}
2022-07-28 13:08:14.881+0000 [id=1]     INFO    org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: Started @4487ms
2022-07-28 13:08:14.899+0000 [id=21]    INFO    winstone.Logger#logInternal: Winstone Servlet Engine running: controlPort=disabled
2022-07-28 13:08:16.053+0000 [id=26]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started initialization
2022-07-28 13:08:16.103+0000 [id=27]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Listed all plugins
2022-07-28 13:08:17.370+0000 [id=26]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Prepared all plugins
2022-07-28 13:08:17.372+0000 [id=26]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started all plugins
2022-07-28 13:08:17.406+0000 [id=27]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Augmented all extensions
2022-07-28 13:08:18.226+0000 [id=27]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config loaded
2022-07-28 13:08:18.226+0000 [id=27]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config adapted
2022-07-28 13:08:18.226+0000 [id=27]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Loaded all jobs
2022-07-28 13:08:18.227+0000 [id=27]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Configuration for all jobs updated
2022-07-28 13:08:18.800+0000 [id=40]    INFO    hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork#lambda$doRun$1: Started Download metadata
2022-07-28 13:08:18.808+0000 [id=40]    INFO    hudson.util.Retrier#start: Attempt #1 to do the action check updates server
2022-07-28 13:08:18.941+0000 [id=26]    INFO    jenkins.install.SetupWizard#init: 

*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************

Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:

`cae020a0061c4c73b865657e6fb7b18f`

This may also be found at: /root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************

留意/root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword输出目录，该目录存储了解锁Jenkins的秘钥

关闭防火墙，访问http的8080端口

[root@CentOSC ~]# systemctl stop  firewalld
[root@CentOSC ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@CentOSC ~]# systemctl status  firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)

Jul 28 16:52:34 CentOSC systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Jul 28 16:52:36 CentOSC systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Jul 28 21:11:15 CentOSC systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Jul 28 21:11:15 CentOSC systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.

解锁Jenkins服务
填写密码cae020a0061c4c73b865657e6fb7b18f点击继续，进入Jenkins插件向导页面
插件向导页面
我这里选择选择插件来安装选项，点击进入插件详情页
新手入门
这里推荐选择无，因为下载插件比较慢，我们可以在后期需要的时候在选择下载，点击安装按钮，进入管理员用户创建页面
- 管理员用户
输入Username、Pasword、Full name参数，其中Username、Passwpord是用于登录的账户信息，Full name是显示的别名，可以随意设定，点击保存并完成
实例配置
Jenkins URL 用于给各种Jenkins资源提供绝对路径链接的根地址。这意味着对于很多Jenkins特色是需要正确设置的，例如：邮件通知、PR状态更新以及提供给构建步骤的BUILD_URL环境变量，点击保存并完成
开始使用Jenkins
点击开始使用Jenkins按钮即可，进入Jenkins首页
Jenkis首页

rpm方式

下载Jenkins安装包

[root@CentOSC ~]# wget https://mirrors.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins-2.327-1.1.noarch.rpm --no-check-certificate
--2022-07-28 21:36:25--  https://mirrors.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins-2.327-1.1.noarch.rpm
Resolving mirrors.jenkins.io (mirrors.jenkins.io)... 52.167.253.43
Connecting to mirrors.jenkins.io (mirrors.jenkins.io)|52.167.253.43|:443... connected.
WARNING: cannot verify mirrors.jenkins.io's certificate, issued by ‘/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=R3’:
  Issued certificate has expired.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat/jenkins-2.327-1.1.noarch.rpm [following]
--2022-07-28 21:36:26--  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat/jenkins-2.327-1.1.noarch.rpm
Resolving mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)... 101.6.15.130, 2402:f000:1:400::2
Connecting to mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.15.130|:443... connected.
WARNING: cannot verify mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn's certificate, issued by ‘/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=R3’:
  Issued certificate has expired.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 73494221 (70M) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘jenkins-2.327-1.1.noarch.rpm’

100%[==================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 73,494,221  1.45MB/s   in 47s    

2022-07-28 21:37:14 (1.49 MB/s) - ‘jenkins-2.327-1.1.noarch.rpm’ saved [73494221/73494221]

安装依赖

[root@CentOSC ~]#  yum  -y install epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: centos.nethub.com.hk
 * extras: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-11 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                       Arch                                                    Version                                                Repository                                               Size
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 epel-release                                                  noarch                                                  7-11                                                   extras                                                   15 k

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 15 k
Installed size: 24 k
Downloading packages:
epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                         |  15 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
  Installing : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                                 1/1 
  Verifying  : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                                 1/1 

Installed:
  epel-release.noarch 0:7-11                                                                                                                                                                                                                

Complete!

[root@CentOSC ~]# yum -y install daemonize
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                                                                                                                                                                 | 6.9 kB  00:00:00     
 * base: centos.nethub.com.hk
 * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
epel                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
(1/3): epel/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                                                                                                                          |  97 kB  00:00:00     
(2/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                                                                                        | 1.1 MB  00:00:00     
(3/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                        | 7.0 MB  00:00:04     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package daemonize.x86_64 0:1.7.7-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                   Arch                                                   Version                                                        Repository                                            Size
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 daemonize                                                 x86_64                                                 1.7.7-1.el7                                                    epel                                                  21 k

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 21 k
Installed size: 28 k
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/daemonize-1.7.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
Public key for daemonize-1.7.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
daemonize-1.7.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                     |  21 kB  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Importing GPG key 0x352C64E5:
 Userid     : "Fedora EPEL (7) <epel@fedoraproject.org>"
 Fingerprint: 91e9 7d7c 4a5e 96f1 7f3e 888f 6a2f aea2 352c 64e5
 Package    : epel-release-7-11.noarch (@extras)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : daemonize-1.7.7-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                             1/1 
  Verifying  : daemonize-1.7.7-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                             1/1 

Installed:
  daemonize.x86_64 0:1.7.7-1.el7                                                                                                                                                                                                            

Complete!

安装依赖

[root@CentOSC ~]# rpm -ivh jenkins-2.327-1.1.noarch.rpm 
warning: jenkins-2.327-1.1.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 45f2c3d5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:jenkins-2.327-1.1                ################################# [100%]

启动Jenkins服务

[root@CentOSC ~]# systemctl start jenkins
[root@CentOSC ~]# jps
21817 Jps
21789 jenkins.war

关闭防火墙，访问http的8080端口

[root@CentOSC ~]# systemctl stop  firewalld
[root@CentOSC ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@CentOSC ~]# systemctl status  firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)

Jul 28 16:52:34 CentOSC systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Jul 28 16:52:36 CentOSC systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Jul 28 21:11:15 CentOSC systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Jul 28 21:11:15 CentOSC systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.

解锁Jenkins服务
查看密码/var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword点击继续，进入Jenkins插件向导页面
插件向导页面
我这里选择选择插件来安装选项，点击进入插件详情页
新手入门
这里推荐选择无，因为下载插件比较慢，我们可以在后期需要的时候在选择下载，点击安装按钮，进入管理员用户创建页面
- 管理员用户
输入Username、Pasword、Full name参数，其中Username、Passwpord是用于登录的账户信息，Full name是显示的别名，可以随意设定，点击保存并完成
实例配置
Jenkins URL 用于给各种Jenkins资源提供绝对路径链接的根地址。这意味着对于很多Jenkins特色是需要正确设置的，例如：邮件通知、PR状态更新以及提供给构建步骤的BUILD_URL环境变量，点击保存并完成
开始使用Jenkins
点击开始使用Jenkins按钮即可，进入Jenkins首页
Jenkis首页

Jenkins汉化插件

选择Manage Jenkins按钮
輸入Chinese点击搜索
选择该插件，点击install without restart按钮
- 等待安装结束选择Restart Jenkins when installation complete and no job are running
等待30秒钟左右，刷新浏览器即可
Jenkins登录页
输入账户admin 密码 admin点击登录页面
登录页面