[学习笔记]Android广播接收器BroadcastReceiver_广播接收器中的bundle值始终为null-CSDN博客

以下内容纯粹为本人学习笔记【记录】之用，所听课程(Q群群友百度网盘提供)为极客学院一位老师所讲（老师大名我尚未知晓），如有侵权请告知。在此特别感谢这位老师录制的视频资料。
1、使用BroadcastReceiver
新建BroadcastReceiver
若有其他程序发送了消息到这个接收器，它即可接收到。实质是一种通信方式。

2、动态注册和注销BroadcastReceiver
有时并不希望Broadcast一直处于监听状态，即要求动态注册和注销掉它。
删掉或注释掉AndroidManifest文件中的receiver标签，此时BroadcastReceiver将接收不到消息。

<receiver
            android:name=".MyReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true"></receiver>

如何注册Receiver？
1）activity_main添加两个按钮来“控制”注册和注销；
2）MainActivity添加按钮对应的点击事件；
3）防止重复多个注册，在点击事件代码外边添加声明receiver代码，用来判断，用来在点击事件里判断。

private MyReceiver receiver = null;

3、BroadcastReceiver的优先级
首先，在AndroidManifest写上receiver标签

       <receiver
            android:name=".MyReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver.intent.action.MyReceiver" />
            </intent-filter>
       </receiver>

再创建一个接收器AnotherReceiver，以便观察优先级
后注册的优先级要高，先接收到消息。如何指定优先级？intent-filter有个参数priority，数值高优先级高。若数值相同，那么写在前面的优先级更高。
打印日志结果是：

05-20 15:45:25.484 10256-10256/? D/Receiver_TAG: --------AnotherReceiver接收到了消息------
05-20 15:45:25.486 10256-10256/? D/Receiver_TAG: -------来自CC----MyReceiver

        <receiver android:name=".MyReceiver">
            <intent-filter android:priority="1">
                <action android:name="com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver.intent.action.MyReceiver" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <receiver android:name=".AnotherReceiver">
            <intent-filter android:priority="2">
                <action android:name="com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver.intent.action.MyReceiver" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

如何让优先级高的Receiver接收消息，而低于此优先级的Receiver不接收消息？
得先把发送广播的方法改为：sendOrderedBroadcast(i, null);
后将该接收广播的Receiver的onRecerver加上：abortBroadcast();//中断了广播的继续传递
这样就中断了广播继续往优先级更低的接收器里发送了。
名词解释：
deactivation n.非活动化、钝化、惰性化。例：Save file on frame deactivation 自动保存文件
MainActivity.java

package com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        findViewById(R.id.btnSendMsg).setOnClickListener(this);
        findViewById(R.id.btnReg).setOnClickListener(this);
        findViewById(R.id.btnUnReg).setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btnSendMsg:
//                Intent i = new Intent(this, MyReceiver.class);
                Intent i = new Intent(MyReceiver.ACTION);//隐式
                i.putExtra("data", "-------来自CC----MyReceiver");//附加数据
//                sendBroadcast(i);//发送一个消息
                sendOrderedBroadcast(i, null);//发送顺序广播；第二个参数(权限）为null
                break;
            case R.id.btnReg:
                if (receiver==null) {
                    receiver = new MyReceiver();//创建一个receiver
                    registerReceiver(receiver, new IntentFilter("MyReceiver.ACTION"));//注册
                }
                break;
            case R.id.btnUnReg:
                if (receiver!=null) {
                    unregisterReceiver(receiver);//注销
                    receiver = null;//赋值为null
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    private MyReceiver receiver = null;
}

AnroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <receiver android:name=".MyReceiver">
            <intent-filter android:priority="3">
                <action android:name="com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver.intent.action.MyReceiver" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <receiver android:name=".AnotherReceiver">
            <intent-filter android:priority="2">
                <action android:name="com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver.intent.action.MyReceiver" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
    </application>

</manifest>

MyReceiver.java

package com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;

public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    public static final String ACTION = "com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver.intent.action.MyReceiver";
    public MyReceiver() {
    }

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        Log.d("Receiver_TAG",intent.getStringExtra("data"));
//        System.out.println("---------MyReceiver接收到了消息----------");
        abortBroadcast();//中断了广播的继续传递

    }
}

AnotherReceiver.java

package com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;

public class AnotherReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    public AnotherReceiver() {
    }

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Log.d("Receiver_TAG","--------AnotherReceiver接收到了消息------");

//        System.out.println("--------AnotherReceiver接收到了消息------");
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.keen.learnbroadcastreceiver.MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        android:id="@+id/textView" />

    <Button
        android:text="发送消息"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/textView"
        android:id="@+id/btnSendMsg" />

    <Button
        android:text="注册接收器Receiver"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/btnSendMsg"
        android:id="@+id/btnReg" />

    <Button
        android:text="注销接收器Receiver"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/btnReg"
        android:id="@+id/btnUnReg" />

</RelativeLayout>