.Net Core 3.1 JWT自定义验证失败的返回结果

这里Nuget使用的包分别是Newtonsoft.Json和Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer


在Startup.cs中配置

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using test.Jwt;

namespace test
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers();
            //跨域设置
            services.AddCors(options => {
                options.AddPolicy("any", builder =>
                {
                    builder.WithOrigins("*");
                });
            });

            //加入Jwt鉴权
            services.Configure<JwtSettings>(Configuration.GetSection("JwtSettings"));
            JwtSettings setting = new JwtSettings();
            Configuration.Bind("JwtSettings", setting);
            JwtHelper.Settings = setting;

            //加入Jwt认证
            services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
            .AddJwtBearer(config =>
            {
                config.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
                {
                    ValidateIssuer = true,//是否验证Issuer
                    ValidateAudience = true,//是否验证Audience
                    ValidateLifetime = true,//是否验证失效时间
                    ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,//是否验证SecurityKey
                    ValidAudience = setting.Audience,
                    ValidIssuer = setting.Issuer,
                    IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(setting.SecretKey)),//获取SecurityKey
                    ClockSkew = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1) //缓冲过期时间，总有效时间=过期时间+缓冲过期时间，不配置的话默认5分钟
                };
                config.Events = new JwtBearerEvents
                {
                    //权限验证失败后执行
                    OnChallenge = context =>
                    {
                        //终止默认的返回结果(必须有)
                        context.HandleResponse();
                        var result = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { Code = "401", Message = "验证失败" });
                        context.Response.ContentType = "application/json";
                        //验证失败返回401
                        context.Response.StatusCode = StatusCodes.Status401Unauthorized;
                        context.Response.WriteAsync(result);
                        return Task.FromResult(0);
                    }
                };
            });
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();

            app.UseRouting();

            //加入跨域
            app.UseCors("any");

            //加入Jwt鉴权
            //注意它需要添加在app.UseAuthorization();之前，app.UseRouting();之后，顺序很重要，否则身份认证不会生效。
            app.UseAuthentication();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
            });
        }
    }
}

验证成功的状态：

自定义验证失败的状态：