基于注解的SpringAop需要注意以下几点:
1.在配置文件中加入aop的命名空间
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
2.在配置文件中加入如下配置:
3.把横切关注点的代码抽象到切面类中
1)将切面类注入到IOC容器中 ,可以使用@Comment
2)给切面类添加@Aspect注解
4.在切面类种声明各种通知(方法):
1)通知包括前置通知:@Before
后置通知:@After
环绕通知: @Around
等
2)这里要注意AspectJ切入点表达式
3)可以在通知方法中加入JoinPoint参数,他可以获得链接细节,比如方法名和参数
下面写个例子:
1.项目结构
2.pom:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.spring03</groupId>
<artifactId>spring03</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.6.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.配置文件.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--配置自动扫描的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.AnnoationAop"></context:component-scan>
<!--使Aspectj注解起作用:自动为匹配的类生成代理对象-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy> </aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
</beans>
4.接口+实现+切面+main:
1)接口:
package com.spring.AnnoationAop;
/**
* @Author: wj
* @Date: 2018/12/2 16:15
* @Version 1.0
*/
public interface ArithmeticCalulator {
int add(int i, int j);
int sub(int i, int j);
int mul(int i, int j);
int div(int i, int j);
}
2)实现:
package com.spring.AnnoationAop;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* @Author: wj
* @Date: 2018/12/2 16:16
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Service
public class ArithmeticCalulatorImpl implements ArithmeticCalulator {
public int add(int i, int j) {
int result = i+j ;
return result;
}
public int sub(int i, int j) {
int result = i-j ;
return result;
}
public int mul(int i, int j) {
int result = i*j ;
return result;
}
public int div(int i, int j) {
int result = i/j ;
return result;
}
}
3)切面:
package com.spring.AnnoationAop;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Author: wj
* @Date: 2018/12/3 11:14
* @Version 1.0
*/
//1.把该类放入IOC容器中、
//2.声明为一个切面
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggingAspect {
//声明该方法是前置通知
@Before("execution(public int com.spring.AnnoationAop.ArithmeticCalulatorImpl.*(int ,int ))")
public void beaforeMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());
System.out.println("The Method:"+methodName+" begins:"+args);
}
}
4)main:
package com.spring.AnnoationAop;
import com.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalulatorLogProxy;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* @Author: wj
* @Date: 2018/12/3 10:09
* @Version 1.0
*/
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.创建spring 的ioc容器
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//2.从ioc容器中获取bean的实例
ArithmeticCalulator arithmeticCalulator = ctx.getBean(ArithmeticCalulator.class);
//3.使用bean
int result = arithmeticCalulator.add(1,2);
System.out.println("-->"+result);
}
}
输出:
补充一下aop的5种通知:
package com.spring.AnnoationAop;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import static com.sun.xml.internal.ws.dump.LoggingDumpTube.Position.Before;
/**
* @Author: wj
* @Date: 2018/12/3 11:14
* @Version 1.0
*/
//1.把该类放入IOC容器中、
//2.声明为一个切面
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggingAspect {
//声明该方法是前置通知
@Before("execution(public int com.spring.AnnoationAop.ArithmeticCalulatorImpl.*(int ,int ))")
public void beaforeMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());
System.out.println("The Method:"+methodName+" begins:"+args);
}
//后置通知(无论是否发生异常)
@After(("execution(* com.spring.AnnoationAop.ArithmeticCalulatorImpl.*(..))"))
public void afterMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());
System.out.println("The Method:"+methodName+" after:"+args);
}
//返回通知(在方法正常结束后执行的)
//返回通知是可以访问到方法的返回值的
@AfterReturning(value = "execution(* com.spring.AnnoationAop.ArithmeticCalulatorImpl.*(..))",returning = "result")
public void afterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint,Object result){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());
System.out.println("end width:"+result);
}
//异常通知
//可以访问到y异常对象;且可以指定在出现特定异常时在执行通知
@AfterThrowing(value = "execution(* com.spring.AnnoationAop.ArithmeticCalulatorImpl.*(..))",throwing = "ex")
public void afterThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint,Exception ex){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());
System.out.println("Exception:"+ex);
}
//环绕通知
//环绕通知需要ProcedingJoinPoint类型的参数
//环绕通知类似动态代理的全过程:ProceedingJoinPoint 类型的参数可以决定是否执行目标方法,且环绕通知必须有返回值,返回值即为目标方法的返回值
@Around(value = "execution(* com.spring.AnnoationAop.ArithmeticCalulatorImpl.*(..))")
public Object aroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint){
Object result = null;
//执行目标方法
try {
//前置通知
System.out.println("前置通知");
result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
//返回通知
System.out.println("返回通知:"+result);
} catch (Throwable throwable) {
//异常通知
throwable.printStackTrace();
}
//后置通知
System.out.println("后置通知");
return 100;
}
}