本篇文章主要内容是介绍如何使用IntelliJ IDEA创建spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis项目,下面会给出项目搭建的详细步骤以及相关的配置文件。
1. 创建maven项目
1.1 File -> New Module,进入创建项目窗口。
1.2 点击Next,填写GroupId、ArtifactId和Version
1.3 接着下一步,这里需要注在Properties中添加一个参数 archetypeCatalog=internal,不加这个参数,在maven生成骨架的时候将会非常慢,有时候直接卡住。
来自网上的解释:
archetypeCatalog表示插件使用的archetype元数据,不加这个参数时默认为remote,local,即中央仓库archetype元数据,由于中央
仓库的archetype太多了所以导致很慢,指定internal来表示仅使用内部元数据。
1
.4 填写Module name
1.5 生成maven的项目骨架之后,我们还需要手动在 src/main 下创建 java目录。现在可以直接编写了,我把项目所需要的文件都编写完成之后,项目的工程结构如图。
到此为止,项目的框架基本搭建完成,下面重点说一下项目的配置文件
2. 项目配置文件
2.1 这里使用maven来引入项目所需要的jar包,所以也就不需要手动来管理jar包了。
pom.xml
- <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
- <groupId>com.heitian.web</groupId>
- <artifactId>web-ssm</artifactId>
- <packaging>war</packaging>
- <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- <name>web-ssm Maven Webapp</name>
- <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
- <properties>
- <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
- <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
- <!-- spring版本号 -->
- <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
- <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
- <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
- <!-- mysql驱动版本号 -->
- <mysql-driver.version>5.1.29</mysql-driver.version>
- <!-- log4j日志包版本号 -->
- <slf4j.version>1.7.18</slf4j.version>
- <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
- </properties>
- <dependencies>
- <!-- 添加jstl依赖 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>jstl</groupId>
- <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
- <version>1.2</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>javax</groupId>
- <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
- <version>7.0</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- 添加junit4依赖 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>junit</groupId>
- <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
- <version>4.11</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- 添加spring核心依赖 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- 添加mybatis依赖 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
- <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
- <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- 添加mybatis/spring整合包依赖 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
- <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
- <version>1.2.2</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- 添加mysql驱动依赖 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>mysql</groupId>
- <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
- <version>${mysql-driver.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- 添加数据库连接池依赖 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
- <version>1.2.2</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- 添加fastjson -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
- <version>1.1.41</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- 添加日志相关jar包 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>log4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
- <version>${log4j.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
- <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
- <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- log end -->
- <!-- 映入JSON -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
- <version>1.9.13</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
- <version>2.8.0</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
- <version>2.8.0</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
- <version>1.3.1</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
- <version>2.4</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
- <version>1.9</version>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- <build>
- <finalName>web-ssm</finalName>
- </build>
- </project>
2.2 新建jdbc.properties文件
jdbc.properties
- driverClasss=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
- jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
- username=root
- password=root
- #定义初始连接数
- initialSize=0
- #定义最大连接数
- maxActive=20
- #定义最大空闲
- maxIdle=20
- #定义最小空闲
- minIdle=1
- #定义最长等待时间
- maxWait=60000
2.3 新建log4j 配置文件
log4j.properties
- log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
- #控制台日志
- log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
- log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
- log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
- log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%t][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%C] - %m%n
- #普通文件日志
- log4j.appender.File=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
- log4j.appender.File.File=logs/ssm.log
- log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize=10MB
- #输出日志,如果换成DEBUG表示输出DEBUG以上级别日志
- log4j.appender.File.Threshold=ALL
- log4j.appender.File.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
- log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%t][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%C] - %m%n
2.4 新建springmvc配置文件
spring-mvc.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
- <!-- 自动扫描 @Controller-->
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.heitian.ssm.controller"/>
- <!--避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
- <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
- class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
- <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
- <list>
- <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
- <property name="messageConverters">
- <list>
- <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/> <!-- JSON转换器 -->
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ,视图模式配置 -->
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
- <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
- </bean>
- <!-- 文件上传配置 -->
- <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
- <!-- 默认编码 -->
- <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
- <!-- 上传文件大小限制为31M,31*1024*1024 -->
- <property name="maxUploadSize" value="32505856"/>
- <!-- 内存中的最大值 -->
- <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="4096"/>
- </bean>
- </beans>
2.5 新建spring和mybatis整合所需的配置文件
spring-mybatis.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
- <!-- 自动扫描 -->
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.heitian.ssm"/>
- <!-- 第一种方式:加载一个properties文件 -->
- <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
- <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
- </bean>
- <!-- 第二种方式:加载多个properties文件
- <bean id="configProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
- <property name="locations">
- <list>
- <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
- <value>classpath:common.properties</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- <property name="fileEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
- </bean>
- <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
- <property name="properties" ref="configProperties"/>
- </bean>
- -->
- <!-- 配置数据源 -->
- <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
- destroy-method="close">
- <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClasss}"/>
- <property name="url" value="${jdbcUrl}"/>
- <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
- <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
- <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
- <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
- <!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
- <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
- <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
- <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
- <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
- <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
- <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
- <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
- </bean>
- <!-- mybatis和spring完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
- <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
- <!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
- <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapping/*.xml"></property>
- </bean>
- <!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
- <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
- <property name="basePackage" value="com.heitian.ssm.dao"/>
- <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
- </bean>
- <!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
- <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
- </bean>
- <!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
- <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
- </beans>
2.6 web.xml配置文件
web.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
- version="3.0">
- <display-name>web-ssm</display-name>
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <context-param>
- <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <!-- 编码过滤器 -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <!-- spring监听器 -->
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <!-- 防止spring内存溢出监听器,比如quartz -->
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <!-- spring mvc servlet-->
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- <async-supported>true</async-supported>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
- <!-- 此处也可以配置成 *.do 形式 -->
- <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- <!-- session配置 -->
- <session-config>
- <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
- </session-config>
- </web-app>
3.3 项目所需配置好项目访问的根路径,然后启动Tomcat。
3.4 在浏览器地址栏中输入:http://localhost:8080/web-ssm/user/showUser
3.5 项目所需看到图中显示效果,则表示项目搭建成功。
4. 值得注意的地方
搭建好项目的框架之后,启动Tomcat,如果访问 http://localhost:8080/user/showUser 出现如下错误:
出现这个错误是因为少了依赖的jar包,只要在pom文件中添加如下依赖即可。
- <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
- <version>2.8.0</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
- <version>2.8.0</version>
- </dependency>