新的usb设备和驱动的匹配(十)

本文是基于mini2440开发板Linux版本号是linux-2.6.32.2的学习笔记

新的usb设备的总线是usb_bus_type，类型是usb_device_type。根据前面root hub设备的device和driver的匹配可知，这里的probe函数还是调用的generic_probe。

跟root hub usb设备和驱动的匹配走的流程是一样的：
先选择一个合适的配置，然后调用usb_set_configuration函数去设置；
根据configured可以知道有多少个接口，对每个接口进行初始化，初始化usb 接口设备，初始化它的设置，指定每个接口当前活跃的设置为0号设置；
将每个接口注册成usb接口设备；
不同的是root hub只有一个配置，一个接口，一个设置，一个端口，但是实际的usb设备可能有很多种配置，很多个接口，很多中设置，很多端口，所以实际的usb设备的流程要复杂一些。

static int generic_probe(struct usb_device *udev)
{
	int err, c;

	/* Choose and set the configuration.  This registers the interfaces
	 * with the driver core and lets interface drivers bind to them.
	 */
	if (usb_device_is_owned(udev))
		;		/* Don't configure if the device is owned */
	else if (udev->authorized == 0)
		dev_err(&udev->dev, "Device is not authorized for usage\n");
	else {
		//选择一个合适的设置
		c = usb_choose_configuration(udev);
		if (c >= 0) {
			//设置
			err = usb_set_configuration(udev, c);
			if (err) {
				dev_err(&udev->dev, "can't set config #%d, error %d\n",
					c, err);
				/* This need not be fatal.  The user can try to
				 * set other configurations. */
			}
		}
	}
	/* USB device state == configured ... usable */
	usb_notify_add_device(udev);

	return 0;
}

int usb_set_configuration(struct usb_device *dev, int configuration)
{
	int i, ret;
	struct usb_host_config *cp = NULL;
	struct usb_interface **new_interfaces = NULL;
	int n, nintf;
	//configuration是前边儿choose_configuration()那里返回回来的
	//当configuration为-1也就是没有发现满意的配置时，设备不能进入Configured，所以要把configuration的值改为0，以便满足SET_CONFIGURATION请求的要求
	if (dev->authorized == 0 || configuration == -1)
		configuration = 0;
	else {
		//从设备struct usb_device结构体的config数组里将相应配置的描述信息，也就是struct usb_host_config结构体给取出来
		for (i = 0; i < dev->descriptor.bNumConfigurations; i++) {
			if (dev->config[i].desc.bConfigurationValue ==
					configuration) {
				cp = &dev->config[i];
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	if ((!cp && configuration != 0))
		return -EINVAL;

	/* The USB spec says configuration 0 means unconfigured.
	 * But if a device includes a configuration numbered 0,
	 * we will accept it as a correctly configured state.
	 * Use -1 if you really want to unconfigure the device.
	 */
	if (cp && configuration == 0)
		dev_warn(&dev->dev, "config 0 descriptor??\n");

	/* Allocate memory for new interfaces before doing anything else,
	 * so that if we run out then nothing will have changed. */
	n = nintf = 0;
	if (cp) {
		nintf = cp->desc.bNumInterfaces;
		//申请指针数组的内存
		new_interfaces = kmalloc(nintf * sizeof(*new_interfaces),
				GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!new_interfaces) {
			dev_err(&dev->dev, "Out of memory\n");
			return -ENOMEM;
		}
		//申请每一项new_interfaces[n]的内存
		for (; n < nintf; ++n) {
			new_interfaces[n] = kzalloc(
					sizeof(struct usb_interface),
					GFP_KERNEL);
			if (!new_interfaces[n]) {
				dev_err(&dev->dev, "Out of memory\n");
				ret = -ENOMEM;
free_interfaces:
				while (--n >= 0)
					kfree(new_interfaces[n]);
				kfree(new_interfaces);
				return ret;
			}
		}

		i = dev->bus_mA - cp->desc.bMaxPower * 2;
		if (i < 0)
			dev_warn(&dev->dev, "new config #%d exceeds power "
					"limit by %dmA\n",
					configuration, -i);
	}

	/* Wake up the device so we can send it the Set-Config request */
	ret = usb_autoresume_device(dev);
	if (ret)
		goto free_interfaces;

	/* Make sure we have bandwidth (and available HCD resources) for this
	 * configuration.  Remove endpoints from the schedule if we're dropping
	 * this configuration to set configuration 0.  After this point, the
	 * host controller will not allow submissions to dropped endpoints.  If
	 * this call fails, the device state is unchanged.
	 */
	if (cp)
		ret = usb_hcd_check_bandwidth(dev, cp, NULL);
	else
		ret = usb_hcd_check_bandwidth(dev, NULL, NULL);
	if (ret < 0) {
		usb_autosuspend_device(dev);
		goto free_interfaces;
	}

	/* if it's already configured, clear out old state first.
	 * getting rid of old interfaces means unbinding their drivers.
	 */
	 //不disable ep0
	if (dev->state != USB_STATE_ADDRESS)
		usb_disable_device(dev, 1);	/* Skip ep0 */

	/* Get rid of pending async Set-Config requests for this device */
	cancel_async_set_config(dev);
	//发送命令，设置configuration
	ret = usb_control_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			      USB_REQ_SET_CONFIGURATION, 0, configuration, 0,
			      NULL, 0, USB_CTRL_SET_TIMEOUT);
	if (ret < 0) {
		/* All the old state is gone, so what else can we do?
		 * The device is probably useless now anyway.
		 */
		cp = NULL;
	}
	//将激活的那个配置的地址赋给actconfig
	dev->actconfig = cp;
	//如果cp为空，重新设置设备的状态为Address,并将之前准备的那些struct usb_interface结构体和new_interfaces释放掉，然后返回
	if (!cp) {
		usb_set_device_state(dev, USB_STATE_ADDRESS);
		usb_hcd_check_bandwidth(dev, NULL, NULL);
		usb_autosuspend_device(dev);
		goto free_interfaces;
	}
	//设置设备的状态为configured
	usb_set_device_state(dev, USB_STATE_CONFIGURED);

	/* Initialize the new interface structures and the
	 * hc/hcd/usbcore interface/endpoint state.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < nintf; ++i) {
		struct usb_interface_cache *intfc;
		struct usb_interface *intf;
		struct usb_host_interface *alt;

		cp->interface[i] = intf = new_interfaces[i];
		intfc = cp->intf_cache[i];
		intf->altsetting = intfc->altsetting;
		intf->num_altsetting = intfc->num_altsetting;
		intf->intf_assoc = find_iad(dev, cp, i);
		kref_get(&intfc->ref);
		//获得这个接口的0号设置,接口的默认设置总是0号设置
		alt = usb_altnum_to_altsetting(intf, 0);

		/* No altsetting 0?  We'll assume the first altsetting.
		 * We could use a GetInterface call, but if a device is
		 * so non-compliant that it doesn't have altsetting 0
		 * then I wouldn't trust its reply anyway.
		 */
		//拿altsetting数组里的第一项来充数
		if (!alt)
			alt = &intf->altsetting[0];
		//指定刚刚拿到的设置为当前要使用的设置
		intf->cur_altsetting = alt;
		//轮询前面获得的那个接口设置使用到的每个端点,将它们统统enable
		usb_enable_interface(dev, intf, true);
		intf->dev.parent = &dev->dev;
		intf->dev.driver = NULL;
		intf->dev.bus = &usb_bus_type;
		intf->dev.type = &usb_if_device_type;
		intf->dev.groups = usb_interface_groups;
		intf->dev.dma_mask = dev->dev.dma_mask;
		INIT_WORK(&intf->reset_ws, __usb_queue_reset_device);
		device_initialize(&intf->dev);
		mark_quiesced(intf);
		dev_set_name(&intf->dev, "%d-%s:%d.%d",
			dev->bus->busnum, dev->devpath,
			configuration, alt->desc.bInterfaceNumber);
	}
	kfree(new_interfaces);

	if (cp->string == NULL &&
			!(dev->quirks & USB_QUIRK_CONFIG_INTF_STRINGS))
		cp->string = usb_cache_string(dev, cp->desc.iConfiguration);

	/* Now that all the interfaces are set up, register them
	 * to trigger binding of drivers to interfaces.  probe()
	 * routines may install different altsettings and may
	 * claim() any interfaces not yet bound.  Many class drivers
	 * need that: CDC, audio, video, etc.
	 */
	//将前面那个for循环准备好的每个接口送给设备模型
	for (i = 0; i < nintf; ++i) {
		struct usb_interface *intf = cp->interface[i];

		dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
			"adding %s (config #%d, interface %d)\n",
			dev_name(&intf->dev), configuration,
			intf->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber);
		ret = device_add(&intf->dev);
		if (ret != 0) {
			dev_err(&dev->dev, "device_add(%s) --> %d\n",
				dev_name(&intf->dev), ret);
			continue;
		}
		create_intf_ep_devs(intf);
	}

	usb_autosuspend_device(dev);
	return 0;
}

文章参考：https://blog.csdn.net/fudan_abc/article/category/325189