python字典合并, 列表生成字典，方法

python字典合并, 列表生成字典

可能会用到的方法

一 字典

dic1 = {'a': 2, 'b': 3, 'c': 4, 'd': 3}
dic2 = {'a': 1, 'c': 4, 'f': 3}
dic3 = {'a': 5, 'g': 6, 'c': 1}

dic4 = {'33': [438, 62, 471],
		 '304': [74],
		 '307': [368, 304, 439, 74, 62],
		 '75': [74, 368]
		 }
dic5 = {'33': [438, 368],
		 '34': [56, 89],
		 '75': [74]}

1. 对dic1和dic2, 保留 dic1的key, 如果dic2包含dic1中的key, 则替换成dic2的value,如果不包含，则将dic1中的value修改为0

temp = {}
for k, v in dic1.items():
    if k in dic2.keys():
        temp[k] = dic2[k]
    else:
        temp[k] = 0
        
结果： {'a': 1, 'b': 0, 'c': 4, 'd': 0}

2. 对dic1, dic2, dic3, 保留dic1的key, 如果dic1中的key在dic2和dic3中，则value值相加，否则保留dic1中的value

方案1：

temp_1 = {}
for k, v in dic1.items():
    if k in dic2.keys() | dic3.keys():
        temp_1[k] = dic1[k] + dic2[k] + dic3[k]
    else:
        temp_1[k] = dic1[k]
结果： {'a': 8, 'b': 3, 'c': 9, 'd': 3}

方案2：可以是多个字典

from functools import reduce
def sum_dict_1(a,b):
    temp = dict()
    for key in a.keys():
        if key in b.keys():
            temp[key] = sum([a.get(key, 0) for a in (a, b)])
        else:
            temp[key] = a[key]
    return temp

print(reduce(sum_dict_1, [dic1, dic2, dic3]))
结果： {'a': 8, 'b': 3, 'c': 9, 'd': 3}

3.合并dic1, dic2, key值相同，value值相加

from functools import reduce

def sum_dict(a,b):
    temp = dict()
    for key in a.keys()| b.keys():
        temp[key] = sum([d.get(key, 0) for d in (a, b)])
    return temp
sum_dict(dic1, dic2)
结果： {'d': 3, 'b': 3, 'f': 3, 'a': 3, 'c': 8}

4. 对dic3, dic4合并，合并dic3和dic4中的key, value

def merge_dic(dic1, dic2):
    result = {}
    for k, v in  dic1.items():
        for kk, vv in dic2.items():
            if k == kk:
                result[k] = list(set(list(chain(*[v, vv]))))
        if k not in dic2.keys():
            result[k] = v

    for kk, vv in dic2.items():
        if kk not in dic1.keys():
            result[kk] = vv
    return  result
 结果：
 {'33': [62, 368, 438, 471],
 '304': [74],
 '307': [368, 304, 439, 74, 62],
 '75': [368, 74],
 '34': [56, 89]}

二 列表生成字典

li =[1, 5, 33,5, 6]
li_1 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'c']
dd = {}
for i, key in enumerate(li_1):
    if not dd.get(key):
        dd[key] = [li[i]]
    else:
        dd[key].append(li[i])
print(dd)
结果： {'a': [1, 5], 'b': [5], 'c': [33, 6]}

三 获取字典中的值最大的前n项

from collections import Counter
def get_order_dict_N(_dict, N):
    # 获取字典中值最大的前n个数，并包含并列情况
    result = Counter(_dict).most_common(N)
    d = {}
    for k,v in result:
        d[k] = v
    return d
a = {'a':9,'b':1,'c':5,'d':9}
get_order_dict_N(a, 2)

结果： {'a': 9, 'd': 9}

四 对字典排序

a = {'a':9,'b':1,'c':5,'d':10}
# 对字典进行排序
L = sorted(a.items(),key=lambda item:item[1],reverse=True)